Neurocognitive functioning of children with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities and psychiatric disorders: profile characteristics and predictors of behavioural problems.
Neurocognitive functioning of children with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities and psychiatric disorders: profile characteristics and predictors of behavioural problems.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/jir.12874
复制
发表时间：
2022-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Rommelse, N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Santegoeds, E.;van Der Schoot, E.;Roording-Ragetlie, S.;Klip, H.;Rommelse, N.
关键词：
目前这项研究的目的有两个：第一，揭示患有轻度至临界性智力障碍(MBID)和共病精神障碍的极脆弱儿童群体的标准和相对优势和弱点的神经认知概况，第二，调查这些神经认知功能与解释内化和外化症状的相关性。我们招募了45名患有MBID(全量表智商50-85)和至少一种精神障碍的儿童(男性年龄=29.5岁，SD年龄=11.7岁；范围6-13岁)。使用韦氏儿童智力量表第五版(WISC-V)指数和认知任务应用程序(COTAPP)检查神经认知功能，认知任务应用程序(COTAPP)是一种综合的计算机化自定进度任务，其设计方式是在任务管理(即完全自定进度)和结果衡量标准的可操作性中，纠正了g(患有MBID的儿童执行任务的总体趋势，反应时间较慢和错误率较高)。行为问题的测量使用CBCL和TRF。采用单样本t检验和二项检验与标准数据进行比较。用回归分析检验神经认知参数与心理健康之间的关系。与标准数据相比，发现了非常小到非常大的效应大小，表明与MBID儿童相关的神经认知领域之间存在明显的异质性。出现了两个突出的神经认知弱点：处理速度--以缓慢和不稳定为特征，并伴随着高漂移率和前一次试验的延迟处理，特别是在认知要求更高的情况下--以及工作记忆--就临时存储信息的较弱的中央执行和“从属”系统而言。这两个领域都不能清楚地预测内部化或外部化问题。患有MBID和精神障碍的儿童受到处理速度和工作记忆能力严重下降的阻碍，共同导致整体有限的处理能力，这可能是依赖于快速和并行处理信息的领域(即语言、阅读、数学和更复杂的社会认知形式)上普遍发育迟缓的原因。神经认知弱点既不必要也不足以解释内化和外化问题；相反，这些儿童因处理能力减弱而需要的支持需求和适应能力之间的不匹配，以及环境不足以弥补这一脆弱性可能是相关的。
The aim of the current study was twofold: first, to uncover a neurocognitive profile of normative and relative strengths and weaknesses that characterises an extremely vulnerable group of children with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities (MBID) and co‐morbid psychiatric disorders, and second, to investigate the relevance of these neurocognitive functions explaining internalising and externalising symptoms. We recruited 45 children (M age = 9.5, SD age = 1.7; range 6–13 years) with MBID (Full‐Scale IQ 50–85) and at least one psychiatric disorder. Neurocognitive functioning was examined utilising the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fifth Edition (WISC‐V) indices and the Cognitive Task Application (COTAPP), a comprehensive computerised self‐paced task designed in such a manner that ‘g’ (an overall tendency of children with MBID to execute tasks with a slower reaction time and a higher error rate) has been corrected for in the administration of the task (i.e. completely self‐paced) and in the operationalisation of outcome measures. Behavioural problems were measured using the CBCL and TRF. One‐sample t‐tests and binomial tests were carried out to compare performance with normative data. Regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between neurocognitive parameters and mental health. Compared with normative data, very small to very large effect sizes were found, indicating clear heterogeneity amongst neurocognitive domains relevant for children with MBID. Two prominent neurocognitive weaknesses emerged: processing speed – characterised by slowness and unstableness combined with a high drift rate and delayed processing of the previous trial, particularly under higher cognitive demands – and working memory – in terms of a weaker central executive and ‘slave’ systems to temporarily store information. Both domains were not clearly predictive of internalising or externalising problems. Children with MBID and psychiatric disorders are hampered by a strongly diminished processing speed and working memory capacity, together resulting in an overall limited processing capacity that may underlie the general developmental delays on domains that depend on fast and parallel processing of information (i.e. language, reading, mathematics and more complex forms of social cognition). Neurocognitive vulnerabilities are neither necessary nor sufficient to explain internalising and externalising problems; rather, a mismatch between the support needs and adaptations these children need, arising from their diminished processing capacity, and the inadequacy of the environment to compensate for this vulnerability may be of relevance.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
22.4
作者：
Alderson-Day B;Fernyhough C
通讯作者：
Fernyhough C
DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2788.2003.00484.x
发表时间：
2003-05-01
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Baker, BL;McIntyre, LL;Low, C
通讯作者：
Low, C
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01281.x
发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Alloway, T. P.
通讯作者：
Alloway, T. P.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01695.x
发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Brunnekreef, J. Agnes;De Sonneville, Leo M. J.;Ormel, Johan
通讯作者：
Ormel, Johan
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Celeste, Puga Maria;Esteban, Vaucheret Paz;Guillermo, Agosta
通讯作者：
Guillermo, Agosta