A Year at the Forefront of Bacterial Defense Systems Against Neutrophilic Oxidants.
A Year at the Forefront of Bacterial Defense Systems Against Neutrophilic Oxidants.
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作者:
One challenge for invading pathogens represents the exposure to highly microbicidal hypohalous acids (HOX), such as hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN). Generated at high concentrations by innate immune cells during phagocytosis, HOX kills the engulfed microbes through extensive macromolecular damage. However, microorganisms have evolved strategies to detoxify the oxidants and/or alleviate HOX-mediated damage, which improves their survival during HOX exposure. Many of these defense systems are bacteria-specific and therefore considered potential drug targets. Our minireview highlights recent (July 2021 to November 2022) advances in the field of microbial HOX defense systems and how these systems are regulated. We report recent progress on redox-sensing transcriptional regulators, two-component systems, and σ/anti-σ factors and review how oxidative modifications in these regulatory proteins affect the expression of their target genes. Moreover, we discuss novel studies that describe how HOCl affects the activity of redox-regulated enzymes and highlight mechanisms that bacteria employ to reduce HOSCN. Summary: This a Year at the Forefront Review sheds light on the most recent developments in the field of bacterial responses and defenses against reactive oxygen and chlorine species
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影响因子:
5.7
作者:
Breland EJ;Eberly AR;Hadjifrangiskou M
通讯作者:
Hadjifrangiskou M
影响因子:
5
作者:
Aussel L;Ezraty B
通讯作者:
Ezraty B
影响因子:
5.7
作者:
Bessaiah, Hicham;Pokharel, Pravil;Dozois, Charles M.
通讯作者:
Dozois, Charles M.
DOI:
10.1038/nrmicro3432
发表时间:
2015-05
期刊:
Nature reviews. Microbiology
影响因子:
--
作者:
Flores-Mireles AL;Walker JN;Caparon M;Hultgren SJ
通讯作者:
Hultgren SJ
影响因子:
3.2
作者:
El Hajj, Sara;Henry, Camille;Ezraty, Benjamin
通讯作者:
Ezraty, Benjamin