Genomic approaches to trace the history of human brain evolution with an emerging opportunity for transposon profiling of ancient humans.
Genomic approaches to trace the history of human brain evolution with an emerging opportunity for transposon profiling of ancient humans.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13100-021-00250-2
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发表时间：
2021-10-18
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Lee EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Y;Zhao B;Choi J;Lee EA
转座因子（te）对人类基因组多样性的形成有着重要的贡献，有证据表明，te是人类大脑进化的驱动力之一。现有的计算方法，包括跨物种比较基因组学和群体遗传建模，可以用于研究te在进化中的作用。特别是，各种各样的古代和古人类基因组序列越来越多，允许重建过去的人类迁移事件，并以前所未有的时空分辨率识别和跟踪其他进化上重要的遗传变异中的te。然而，高度降解的短DNA模板和古代人类DNA提出的其他独特挑战要求对当前的实验和计算程序进行重大改变，以便能够识别进化上重要的te。古人类基因组是研究进化背景下TEs的宝贵资源，对古人类基因组的探索将为人类大脑进化的遗传机制提供一个新的视角，并激发各种技术和方法的进步。在这篇综述中，我们总结了可以用于识别和验证进化上重要的te的计算和实验方法，特别是在人类大脑进化中。我们还强调了利用古代基因组数据的策略，并讨论了古代转座子基因组学的独特挑战。在线版本包含补充材料，可在10.1186/s13100-021-00250-2获得。
Transposable elements (TEs) significantly contribute to shaping the diversity of the human genome, and lines of evidence suggest TEs as one of driving forces of human brain evolution. Existing computational approaches, including cross-species comparative genomics and population genetic modeling, can be adapted for the study of the role of TEs in evolution. In particular, diverse ancient and archaic human genome sequences are increasingly available, allowing reconstruction of past human migration events and holding the promise of identifying and tracking TEs among other evolutionarily important genetic variants at an unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. However, highly degraded short DNA templates and other unique challenges presented by ancient human DNA call for major changes in current experimental and computational procedures to enable the identification of evolutionarily important TEs. Ancient human genomes are valuable resources for investigating TEs in the evolutionary context, and efforts to explore ancient human genomes will potentially provide a novel perspective on the genetic mechanism of human brain evolution and inspire a variety of technological and methodological advances. In this review, we summarize computational and experimental approaches that can be adapted to identify and validate evolutionarily important TEs, especially for human brain evolution. We also highlight strategies that leverage ancient genomic data and discuss unique challenges in ancient transposon genomics. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13100-021-00250-2.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-genom-082509-141802
发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
8.7
作者：
Beck CR;Garcia-Perez JL;Badge RM;Moran JV
通讯作者：
Moran JV
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Belancio VP;Roy-Engel AM;Pochampally RR;Deininger P
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1244392
发表时间：
2014-02-14
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Walsh CA
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
Moran JV
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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