Glucose regulates mitochondrial motility via Milton modification by O-GlcNAc transferase.

Glucose regulates mitochondrial motility via Milton modification by O-GlcNAc transferase.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2014.06.007
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发表时间:
2014-07-03
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Schwarz TL
Schwarz TL
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pekkurnaz G;Trinidad JC;Wang X;Kong D;Schwarz TL

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细胞分配大量的资源来监测营养水平,这些营养可以用于线粒体生成ATP。在许多特化的细胞类型中,神经元由于其复杂的形态和区域能量需求而特别依赖线粒体。在这里,我们报告了细胞外葡萄糖和O-GlcNAc转移酶(OGT)形式的营养可用性调节神经元线粒体运动的分子机制,其活性取决于葡萄糖可用性。激活OGT会降低线粒体的运动性。我们通过定位和突变关键的o - glcn酰化丝氨酸残基,建立了线粒体运动适配蛋白Milton作为OGT抑制线粒体运动所需的底物。我们发现,胞外葡萄糖改变了米尔顿的glcn酰化状态,OGT改变了线粒体在体内的运动。我们的研究结果表明,通过动态调节米尔顿glcn酰化,OGT根据营养可用性调整神经元中的线粒体动力学。
Cells allocate substantial resources towards monitoring levels of nutrients that can be used for ATP generation by mitochondria. Among the many specialized cell types, neurons are particularly dependent on mitochondria due to their complex morphology and regional energy needs. Here, we report a molecular mechanism by which nutrient availability in the form of extracellular glucose and the enzyme O-GlcNAc Transferase (OGT), whose activity depends on glucose availability, regulates mitochondrial motility in neurons. Activation of OGT diminishes mitochondrial motility. We establish the mitochondrial motor-adaptor protein Milton as a required substrate for OGT to arrest mitochondrial motility by mapping and mutating the key O-GlcNAcylated serine residues. We find that the GlcNAcylation state of Milton is altered by extracellular glucose and that OGT alters mitochondrial motility in vivo. Our findings suggest that, by dynamically regulating Milton GlcNAcylation, OGT tailors mitochondrial dynamics in neurons based on nutrient availability.
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