Visual and cognitive processing of face information in schizophrenia: detection, discrimination and working memory.
Visual and cognitive processing of face information in schizophrenia: detection, discrimination and working memory.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.schres.2008.09.010
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发表时间：
2009-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Heckers, Stephan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Yue;Norton, Daniel;McBain, Ryan;Ongur, Dost;Heckers, Stephan
人脸识别涉及多个生理和心理过程，包括视觉、认知和情感领域的过程。研究发现，精神分裂症患者在识别面部情绪方面存在缺陷，但该人群对面部信息的视觉和认知处理尚未得到系统研究。在这项研究中，我们检查了患者面部以及非面部视觉物体的视觉检测、知觉辨别和工作记忆。视觉检测是通过检测是否存在短暂显示的面部（仅包含面部的基本配置信息的图像）时的准确度来衡量的。感知辨别力是通过个体面部身份图像的辨别力分数来衡量的，其中图像之间的相似程度通过变形系统地变化。工作记忆是通过两张比较人脸图像相隔 3 秒或 10 秒时的辨别力分数来测量的。所有测量均采用心理物理学方法（两种选择强制选择）获得。与对照组相比，患者的面部视觉检测准确度显着降低（p=0.003），面部知觉辨别能力中度下降（p=0.065），面部工作记忆能力显着受损（3 秒和 10 秒条件下 p<0.001）。患者在这些任务的非面部版本上的表现虽然有所下降，但与面部识别的表现并不相关。这种结果模式表明，精神分裂症患者的面部信息的视觉和认知处理需要更大的信号强度。
Face recognition involves several physiological and psychological processes, including those in visual, cognitive and affective domains. Studies have found that schizophrenia patients are deficient at recognizing facial emotions, yet visual and cognitive processing of facial information in this population has not been systematically examined. In this study, we examined visual detection, perceptual discrimination and working memory of faces as well as non-face visual objects in patients. Visual detection was measured by the accuracy when detecting the presence of a briefly displayed face, image which contained only the basic configural information of a face. Perceptual discrimination was measured by discriminability scores for individual facial identity images, in which the degree of similarity between images was systematically varied via morphing. Working memory was measured by the discriminability scores when two comparison face images were separated by 3 or 10 seconds. All measurements were acquired using a psychophysical method (two-alternative forced choice). Relative to controls, patients showed significantly reduced accuracy in visual detection of faces (p=0.003), moderately degraded performance in perceptual discrimination of faces (p=0.065), and significantly impaired performance in working memory of faces (p<0.001 for both 3 and 10 sec conditions). Patients' performance on non-face versions of these tasks, while degraded, was not correlated with performance on face recognition. This pattern of results indicates that greater signal strength is required for visual and cognitive processing of facial information in schizophrenia.
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