Potential distractions and unsafe driving behaviors among drivers of 1- to 12-year-old children.
Potential distractions and unsafe driving behaviors among drivers of 1- to 12-year-old children.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.acap.2014.02.010
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发表时间：
2014-05
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Freed, Gary L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Macy, Michelle L.;Carter, Patrick M.;Bingham, Raymond;Cunningham, Rebecca M.;Freed, Gary L.
司机分心已被确定为对个人司机和公共健康的威胁。机动车碰撞仍然是儿童死亡的主要原因，但对儿童司机的分心知之甚少。本研究旨在描述儿童司机的潜在分心。在2011年10月至2012年5月期间，在1至12岁儿童的成人驾驶员中进行了儿童乘客安全实践的两个地点，横截面，计算机化调查。司机们指出了他们在过去一个月里带着孩子开车时从事十项潜在分心活动的频率。分心分为四类：1）非驾驶，2）手机，3）儿童，4）方向。收集有关其他不安全驾驶行为和社会人口学特征的信息。近90%符合条件的家长参加。分析包括570名（92.2%）司机。超过75%的参与者披露了非驾驶和手机相关的分心。较少的被试暴露了儿童（71.2%）和方向相关的分心（51.9%）。儿童年龄与每个分心类别相关。与手机相关的分心与孩子每天乘坐家庭汽车、非西班牙裔白色和其他种族/民族以及高等教育有关。父母承认昏昏欲睡的驾驶和超速被拦下的风险比其他人高出两倍。分心驾驶活动在儿童乘客的司机中很常见，并与其他不安全的驾驶行为有关。通过减少或消除儿童乘客的驾驶员之间的分心来防止碰撞事件，可以改善儿童乘客的安全。
Driver distraction has been identified as a threat to individual drivers and public health. Motor vehicle collisions remain a leading cause of death for children yet little is known about distractions among drivers of children. This study sought to characterize potential distractions among drivers of children. A two-site, cross-sectional, computerized survey of child passenger safety practices was conducted among adult drivers of 1- to 12-year-old children who presented for emergency care between October 2011-May 2012. Drivers indicated the frequency with which they engaged in ten potential distractions in the past month while driving with their child. Distractions were grouped in four categories: 1) non-driving, 2) cellular phone, 3) child, 4) directions. Information about other unsafe driving behaviors and sociodemographic characteristics was collected. Nearly 90% of eligible parents participated. Analysis included 570 (92.2%) drivers. Non-driving and cellular phone-related distractions were disclosed by >75% of participants. Fewer participants disclosed child (71.2%) and directions-related distractions (51.9%). Child age was associated with each distraction category. Cellular phone-related distractions were associated with the child riding daily in the family car, non-Hispanic white and other race/ethnicity, and higher education. Parents admitting to drowsy driving and being pulled over for speeding had over two-times higher odds of disclosing distractions from each category. Distracted driving activities are common among drivers of child passengers and associated with other unsafe driving behaviors. Child passenger safety may be improved by preventing crash events through the reduction or elimination of distractions among drivers of child passengers.
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