Treating Ethics as a Design Problem
Treating Ethics as a Design Problem
复制标题
将道德视为设计问题
DOI：
10.1177/237946151700300206
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
David Tannenbaum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nicholas Epley;David Tannenbaum
制定鼓励道德行为的政策需要准确理解是什么驱动了这种行为。我们首先描述了关于道德行为的心理原因的三个常见神话，它们可能会导致政策制定者忽视建设性的干预。这些神话表明，道德行为源于一个人的信念；因此，改变行为需要改变信念。然而，行为科学表明，直接背景(如组织的规范和公认的程序)对行为产生了令人惊讶的强大影响。为了有效，政策必须将道德视为一个设计问题；也就是说，政策制定者应该创造促进道德行动的环境。然后，我们讨论了影响道德活动的三个心理过程--注意力、解释和动机--并描述了理解它们如何帮助公共和私营部门的决策者设计促进道德行为的环境。
Creating policies that encourage ethical behavior requires an accurate understanding of what drives such behavior. We first describe three common myths about the psychological causes of ethical behavior that can lead policymakers to overlook constructive interventions. These myths suggest that ethical behavior stems from a person's beliefs; changing behavior therefore requires changing beliefs. Behavioral science, however, indicates that the immediate context (such as an organization's norms and accepted procedures) exerts a surprisingly powerful influence on behavior. To be effective, policies must treat ethics as a design problem; that is, policymakers should create contexts that promote ethical actions. We then discuss three psychological processes that affect ethical activity–attention, construal, and motivation—and describe how understanding them can help policymakers in the public and private sectors design environments that promote ethical behavior.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
BARON, J;HERSHEY, JC
通讯作者：
HERSHEY, JC
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
J. Haidt
通讯作者：
J. Haidt