At-risk alcohol users have disrupted valence discrimination during reward anticipation.
At-risk alcohol users have disrupted valence discrimination during reward anticipation.
复制标题
作者：
酒精使用障碍的特征是奖励学习中断，由功能失调的皮质-纹状体奖励途径支持，尽管对从事危险酒精使用的人群中奖励处理的生物学知之甚少。触发奖励预期的线索可以根据它们的学习效价来分类（即，积极对消极结果）和动机显著性（即，激励vs.中性线索）。分离与这些维度相关的EEG信号是具有挑战性的，因为它们固有的共线性，但最近将机器学习方法应用于单个EEG试验提供了一个解决方案。在这里，酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）被用来量化危险的酒精使用，参与者分为高酒精（HA）（n = 22，平均AUDIT评分：13.82）和低酒精（LA）（n = 22，平均AUDIT评分：5.77）组。我们将机器学习多变量单次试验分类应用于奖励预期期间收集的脑电图（EEG）数据。在提示P3时间窗（400-550 ms）内，LA组在奖励预期的早期阶段表现出显著的效价歧视，而HA组在此时间窗内对效价不敏感。值得注意的是，LA组（而非HA组）证明了早期效价组分的单次试验变异性与增益和损失试验的反应时间之间的关系。这项研究的证据破坏了HA组的低活性效价敏感性，揭示了危险饮酒行为的潜在神经生理学标志物，这些行为使个体处于不良健康事件的风险中。在这里，我们使用机器学习方法来解开两个维度的奖励预期-效价和显着性-在有和没有危险的饮酒行为的年轻人。在提示-P3时间窗口内，效价比性能（即，Az值）在低风险酒精使用（LA）组中显著高于危险饮酒（HA）组。这项研究证明了在风险组中破坏的效价但完整的显著性敏感性，揭示了易患AD的潜在神经生理学标志物。
Alcohol use disorder is characterised by disrupted reward learning, underpinned by dysfunctional cortico‐striatal reward pathways, although relatively little is known about the biology of reward processing in populations who engage in risky alcohol use. Cues that trigger reward anticipation can be categorized according to their learnt valence (i.e., positive vs. negative outcomes) and motivational salience (i.e., incentive vs. neutral cues). Separating EEG signals associated with these dimensions is challenging because of their inherent collinearity, but the recent application of machine learning methods to single EEG trials affords a solution. Here, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to quantify risky alcohol use, with participants split into high alcohol (HA) (n = 22, mean AUDIT score: 13.82) and low alcohol (LA) (n = 22, mean AUDIT score: 5.77) groups. We applied machine learning multivariate single‐trial classification to the electroencephalography (EEG) data collected during reward anticipation. The LA group demonstrated significant valence discrimination in the early stages of reward anticipation within the cue‐P3 time window (400–550 ms), whereas the HA group was insensitive to valence within this time window. Notably, the LA, but not the HA group demonstrated a relationship between single‐trial variability in the early valence component and reaction times for gain and loss trials. This study evidences disrupted hypoactive valence sensitivity in the HA group, revealing potential neurophysiological markers for risky drinking behaviours which place individuals at‐risk of adverse health events. Here, we used a machine learning approach to disentangle two dimensions of reward anticipation—valence and salience—in young adults with and without hazardous drinking behaviours. Within the cue‐P3 time window, valence discriminator performance (i.e., Az values) was significantly higher in the low risk alcohol use (LA) group compared with the hazardous drinking (HA) group. This study evidences disrupted valence but intact salience sensitivity in the at‐risk group, revealing potential neurophysiological markers for vulnerability to AD.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Balodis IM;Potenza MN
通讯作者：
Potenza MN
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Fouragnan E;Retzler C;Mullinger K;Philiastides MG
通讯作者：
Philiastides MG
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Nestor, Liam J.;Murphy, Anna;Robbins, Trevor W.
通讯作者：
Robbins, Trevor W.
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Baker, Travis E.;Wood, Jonathan M. A.;Holroyd, Clay B.
通讯作者：
Holroyd, Clay B.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Fouragnan E;Queirazza F;Retzler C;Mullinger KJ;Philiastides MG
通讯作者：
Philiastides MG