Using anesthetics and analgesics in experimental traumatic brain injury.
Using anesthetics and analgesics in experimental traumatic brain injury.
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DOI：
10.1038/laban.257
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发表时间：
2013-08
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Lifshitz, Jonathan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rowe, Rachel K.;Harrison, Jordan L.;Thomas, Theresa C.;Pauly, James R.;Adelson, P. David;Lifshitz, Jonathan
在创伤性脑损伤（TBI）研究中使用动物模型是合理的，因为缺乏足够全面的体外和计算机模型，包括神经血管单元的所有组成部分。有效的创伤性脑损伤动物模型需要准确地复制在人类患者中观察到的机械力和继发性损伤情况。动物建模的监管要求强调适当的麻醉和镇痛药的管理，除非这些药物被科学证明是合理的。本综述的目的是为在一项研究中，在模拟TBI时标准化使用麻醉剂和镇痛药提供科学依据，以保持研究的有效性。麻醉药和镇痛药干扰脑损伤自然过程的证据要求在进行TBI研究时一致考虑疼痛管理方案。在脑损伤诱导时或诱导后不久使用麻醉剂可改变TBI后的认知、运动和组织学结果。在进行TBI研究时，必须根据每个单独研究的实验目标制定一致的麻醉方案，以控制麻醉对结果参数的混杂影响。复制临床条件的实验研究对于进一步了解和评估创伤性脑损伤的可能治疗方法至关重要。然而，对于创伤性脑损伤的动物模型，研究人员必须确保统一的给药方案，以最大限度地减少混杂变量，同时最大限度地减少疼痛和痛苦。
The use of animal modeling in traumatic brain injury (TBI) research is justified by the lack of sufficiently comprehensive in vitro and computer modeling that incorporates all components of the neurovascular unit. Valid animal modeling of TBI requires accurate replication of both the mechanical forces and secondary injury conditions observed in human patients. Regulatory requirements for animal modeling emphasize the administration of appropriate anesthetics and analgesics unless withholding these drugs is scientifically justified. The objective of this review is to present scientific justification for standardizing the use of anesthetics and analgesics, within a study, when modeling TBI in order to preserve study validity. Evidence for the interference of anesthetics and analgesics in the natural course of brain injury calls for consistent consideration of pain management regimens when conducting TBI research. Anesthetics administered at the time of or shortly after induction of brain injury can alter cognitive, motor, and histological outcomes following TBI. A consistent anesthesia protocol based on experimental objectives within each individual study is imperative when conducting TBI studies to control for the confounding effects of anesthesia on outcome parameters. Experimental studies that replicate the clinical condition are essential to gain further understanding and evaluate possible treatments for TBI. However, with animal models of TBI it is essential that investigators assure a uniform drug delivery protocol that minimizes confounding variables, while minimizing pain and suffering.
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