Host genetic control of gut microbiome composition.
Host genetic control of gut microbiome composition.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00335-021-09884-2
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发表时间：
2021-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Weinstock GM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bubier JA;Chesler EJ;Weinstock GM
肠道微生物群在健康和疾病中发挥着重要作用，越来越多的证据表明，微生物的组成在一定程度上受到宿主遗传学的调节。小鼠和人类体内微生物丰度的遗传力估计在(0.05-0.45)之间，这表明5%-45%的个体间差异可以用遗传学来解释。通过双胞胎研究、遗传关联研究、系统遗传学和全基因组关联研究，数百个特定的宿主遗传位点已被证明与离散肠道微生物的丰富有关。利用基因工程敲除的小鼠，至少有30个特定的基因已经被证实对微生物组有特定的影响。寄主遗传学、微生物群组成、丰度和疾病之间的关系现在正开始通过旨在测试因果关系的实验来解开。疾病的遗传控制及其与微生物组的关系可以以多种方式表现出来。首先，遗传变异可能直接导致疾病表型，从而导致疾病表型导致微生物组的改变。其次，基因变异可能会改变宿主的基因表达，进而改变微生物组，产生疾病表型。最后，遗传变异可能会直接改变微生物组，从而导致疾病表型。为了了解某些疾病发生和发展的过程，未来的研究必须考虑宿主遗传学、微生物组和疾病表型之间的关系，以及研究这些关系所需的资源。网上版载有补充材料，可在10.1007/s00335-021-09884-2查阅。
The gut microbiome plays a significant role in health and disease, and there is mounting evidence indicating that the microbial composition is regulated in part by host genetics. Heritability estimates for microbial abundance in mice and humans range from (0.05–0.45), indicating that 5–45% of inter-individual variation can be explained by genetics. Through twin studies, genetic association studies, systems genetics, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), hundreds of specific host genetic loci have been shown to associate with the abundance of discrete gut microbes. Using genetically engineered knock-out mice, at least 30 specific genes have now been validated as having specific effects on the microbiome. The relationships among of host genetics, microbiome composition, and abundance, and disease is now beginning to be unraveled through experiments designed to test causality. The genetic control of disease and its relationship to the microbiome can manifest in multiple ways. First, a genetic variant may directly cause the disease phenotype, resulting in an altered microbiome as a consequence of the disease phenotype. Second, a genetic variant may alter gene expression in the host, which in turn alters the microbiome, producing the disease phenotype. Finally, the genetic variant may alter the microbiome directly, which can result in the disease phenotype. In order to understand the processes that underlie the onset and progression of certain diseases, future research must take into account the relationship among host genetics, microbiome, and disease phenotype, and the resources needed to study these relationships. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00335-021-09884-2.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1002601107
发表时间：
2010-06-29
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Dominguez-Bello, Maria G.;Costello, Elizabeth K.;Knight, Rob
通讯作者：
Knight, Rob
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Di Ciaula A;Stella A;Bonfrate L;Wang DQH;Portincasa P
通讯作者：
Portincasa P
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Brodziak F;Meharg C;Blaut M;Loh G
通讯作者：
Loh G
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Frank, Daniel N.;Robertson, Charles E.;Hamm, Christina M.;Kpadeh, Zegbeh;Zhang, Tianyi;Chen, Hongyan;Zhu, Wei;Sartor, R. Balfour;Boedeker, Edgar C.;Harpaz, Noam;Pace, Norman R.;Li, Ellen
通讯作者：
Li, Ellen
影响因子：
29.4
作者：
Chassaing B;Ley RE;Gewirtz AT
通讯作者：
Gewirtz AT