Temperament and psychopathology in early childhood predict body dissatisfaction and eating disorder symptoms in adolescence.
Temperament and psychopathology in early childhood predict body dissatisfaction and eating disorder symptoms in adolescence.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brat.2022.104039
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发表时间：
2022-04
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Klein DN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bufferd SJ;Levinson CA;Olino TM;Dougherty LR;Dyson MW;Carlson GA;Klein DN
饮食失调（艾德）是一种高度损害和危险的疾病，通常发生在青春期。然而，很少有前瞻性研究探讨儿童早期艾德病理的危险因素。鉴于气质和精神病理学之间的联系已经确立，对这些因素的检查可以为预防工作提供信息。目前的多方法，多信息前瞻性纵向研究测试了实验室观察和父母报告的气质和精神疾病在3岁和6岁（N = 609）预测身体不满在12岁和15岁和ED的尺寸症状（神经性厌食症[AN]和神经性贪食症[BN]）在15岁（n = 458）的社区样本。结果表明，儿童早期气质（积极和消极的情绪，知觉敏感性，冲动性，害羞少）和儿童期精神病理学（焦虑，对立违抗，注意力缺陷/多动，抑郁症），预测身体的不满，在青春期。此外，儿童知觉敏感性和对立违抗性和抑郁障碍预测AN症状。儿童期的人口统计学特征（女性、父亲受教育程度较低和父母婚姻状况）可预测对身体的不满和AN症状。没有气质或精神病理学变量预测BN症状。这项研究是继续确定未来研究艾德症状和身体不满的幼儿风险因素的重点领域的重要第一步。
Eating disorders (ED) are highly impairing and dangerous conditions that typically onset in adolescence. However, very few prospective studies have examined early childhood risk factors for ED pathology. Given well-established links between temperament and psychopathology, examination of these factors could inform prevention efforts. The current multi-method, multi-informant prospective longitudinal study tested whether laboratory-observed and parent-reported temperament and psychiatric disorders at ages 3 and 6 (N = 609) predict body dissatisfaction at ages 12 and 15 and dimensional symptoms of EDs (anorexia nervosa [AN] and bulimia nervosa [BN]) at age 15 (n = 458) in a community sample. Results indicated that early childhood temperament (positive and negative emotionality, perceptual sensitivity, impulsivity, less shyness) and childhood psychopathology (anxiety, oppositional defiant, attention deficit/hyperactivity, and depressive disorders), predicted body dissatisfaction in adolescence. In addition, childhood perceptual sensitivity and oppositional defiant and depressive disorders predicted AN symptoms. Demographic characteristics (female sex, lower levels of fathers’ education, and parental marital status) in childhood predicted body dissatisfaction and AN symptoms. No temperament or psychopathology variables predicted BN symptoms. This study is an important first step toward continuing to identify areas of focus for future research on early childhood risk factors for ED symptoms and body dissatisfaction.
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