Individuals with problem gambling and obsessive-compulsive disorder learn through distinct reinforcement mechanisms.
Individuals with problem gambling and obsessive-compulsive disorder learn through distinct reinforcement mechanisms.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.3002031
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发表时间：
2023-03
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
强迫症（OCD）和病态赌博（PG）伴随着行为灵活性的缺陷。在强化学习中，这种不对称性可以反映对高于和低于预期的结果的不对称学习。在其他框架中，它反映了独立于学习的坚持。在这里，我们研究的证据不对称奖励学习强迫症和PG利用基于模型的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）。与健康对照组（HC）相比，强迫症患者表现出较低的学习率比预期的结果更糟，这与负性奖励预测错误的背内侧前额叶皮层和背侧纹状体的衰减编码。PG患者表现出更高和更低的学习率比预期更好和更差的结果，分别伴随着更高的编码积极奖励预测错误的前额叶比HC。患者组和HC组之间的持续性没有显著差异。这些发现阐明了强迫症和PG中改变的奖励学习的神经计算，为这些精神障碍中的行为可接受性提供了潜在的解释。一项脑成像研究表明，强迫症和问题赌博与从积极和消极奖励预测错误中学习的不同模式有关，为这些疾病中异常的不灵活行为提供了神经计算解释。
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and pathological gambling (PG) are accompanied by deficits in behavioural flexibility. In reinforcement learning, this inflexibility can reflect asymmetric learning from outcomes above and below expectations. In alternative frameworks, it reflects perseveration independent of learning. Here, we examine evidence for asymmetric reward-learning in OCD and PG by leveraging model-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Compared with healthy controls (HC), OCD patients exhibited a lower learning rate for worse-than-expected outcomes, which was associated with the attenuated encoding of negative reward prediction errors in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and the dorsal striatum. PG patients showed higher and lower learning rates for better- and worse-than-expected outcomes, respectively, accompanied by higher encoding of positive reward prediction errors in the anterior insula than HC. Perseveration did not differ considerably between the patient groups and HC. These findings elucidate the neural computations of reward-learning that are altered in OCD and PG, providing a potential account of behavioural inflexibility in those mental disorders. A brain imaging study reveals that obsessive-compulsive disorder and problem gambling are associated with distinct patterns of learning from positive and negative reward prediction errors, providing a neurocomputational account of abnormal inflexible behaviors in those disorders.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Foa, EB;Huppert, JD;Salkovskis, PM
通讯作者：
Salkovskis, PM
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Daw, Nathaniel D.;O'Doherty, John P.;Dayan, Peter;Seymour, Ben;Dolan, Raymond J.
通讯作者：
Dolan, Raymond J.
DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhx265
发表时间：
2017-12-01
期刊：
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Carlisi CO;Norman L;Murphy CM;Christakou A;Chantiluke K;Giampietro V;Simmons A;Brammer M;Murphy DG;Mataix-Cols D;Rubia K;MRC AIMS consortium
通讯作者：
MRC AIMS consortium
影响因子：
11.5
作者：
Fontenelle, Leonardo F.;Oostermeijer, Sanne;Yuecel, Murat
通讯作者：
Yuecel, Murat
认知行为治疗后抑郁症和对症状变化敏感的个体的强化学习中断。
影响因子：
25.8
作者：
Brown VM;Zhu L;Solway A;Wang JM;McCurry KL;King-Casas B;Chiu PH
通讯作者：
Chiu PH