Shared and Disorder-Specific Neurocomputational Mechanisms of Decision-Making in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
Shared and Disorder-Specific Neurocomputational Mechanisms of Decision-Making in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhx265
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
MRC AIMS consortium
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carlisi CO;Norman L;Murphy CM;Christakou A;Chantiluke K;Giampietro V;Simmons A;Brammer M;Murphy DG;Mataix-Cols D;Rubia K;MRC AIMS consortium
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和强迫症（OCD）通常具有相同的重复行为表型，可能是由异常决策支持的。为了比较这些疾病之间的神经相关性，比较了ASD（N = 24），OCD（N = 20）和通常发展控制（N = 20）的男孩在赌博期间的大脑激活，并比较了计算模型的表现。患者在风险决策的数量上没有受损，但建模显示，与对照组相比，两组患者的选择一致性较低，对强化学习的依赖程度较低。ASD个体与OCD个体相比具有障碍特异性选择毅力异常。神经功能，ASD和强迫症男孩共享背外侧/下额叶激活不足相比，控制在决策过程中。在预期结果的过程中，与对照组相比，患者的外侧下/眶额皮质和腹侧纹状体的激活不足。在奖励接收，ASD男孩有障碍特定的增强激活下额叶/岛区相对于强迫症男孩和控制。结果表明，ASD和强迫症的个人共享的决策策略，不同于控制，以实现可比的性能控制。患者表现出共享异常的外侧（眶）额-纹状体奖励电路，但ASD男孩有障碍特异性的外侧下额叶/岛叶过度激活，这表明共享和障碍特异性机制支持这些疾病的决策。研究结果提供了共享的神经生物学底物，可以作为未来可能的生物标志物的证据。
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) often share phenotypes of repetitive behaviors, possibly underpinned by abnormal decision-making. To compare neural correlates underlying decision-making between these disorders, brain activation of boys with ASD (N = 24), OCD (N = 20) and typically developing controls (N = 20) during gambling was compared, and computational modeling compared performance. Patients were unimpaired on number of risky decisions, but modeling showed that both patient groups had lower choice consistency and relied less on reinforcement learning compared to controls. ASD individuals had disorder-specific choice perseverance abnormalities compared to OCD individuals. Neurofunctionally, ASD and OCD boys shared dorsolateral/inferior frontal underactivation compared to controls during decision-making. During outcome anticipation, patients shared underactivation compared to controls in lateral inferior/orbitofrontal cortex and ventral striatum. During reward receipt, ASD boys had disorder-specific enhanced activation in inferior frontal/insular regions relative to OCD boys and controls. Results showed that ASD and OCD individuals shared decision-making strategies that differed from controls to achieve comparable performance to controls. Patients showed shared abnormalities in lateral-(orbito)fronto-striatal reward circuitry, but ASD boys had disorder-specific lateral inferior frontal/insular overactivation, suggesting that shared and disorder-specific mechanisms underpin decision-making in these disorders. Findings provide evidence for shared neurobiological substrates that could serve as possible future biomarkers.
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