Papovaviral persistent infections.

Papovaviral persistent infections.
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乳多空病毒持续感染。

DOI:
10.1128/mr.46.4.384-425.1982
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发表时间:
1982
期刊:
Microbiological reviews
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Norkin,LC
Norkin,LC
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Norkin,LC

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Variety of Host Responses to Virus Infection Virologists concerned with the pathogenesis of infection have long been preoccupied with acute self-limited diseases such as measles and poliomyelitis. In such cases, overt symptoms generally appear within several days to several weeks after infection. Subsequently, if the dis-ease is not fatal, the infectiousagent is generally eliminated from the host, which is then immune to reinfection. It is now recognized that viral infection may lead to host responses other than acute illness. In particular, persistent virus infections have become a subject of increasing attention as both their frequency and medical importance have become apparent. Virus infections may also be asymptomatic. In other instances, infection may lead to neoplasia. It is noteworthy that papova-virus infections may give rise to each of the host responses noted above. Persistent virus infections may be of several types. In one variety, characteristic of infections with herpesviruses, the virus becomes latent after what appears to be a typical acute primary infection. Subsequently, there are intermittent episodes of disease between which virus is usu-ally not demonstrable. Another type of persis-tent infection, termed slow (slow referring to the disease course, not the virus), is characterized by prolonged periods of infection (often years) before symptoms appear. The disease process then develops over a protracted period, eventu-ally resulting in death. These categories of per-sistent infection are not strictly alternatives. As seen below, papovavirus infections may display characteristics of each type.The Papovaviruses The papovaviruses, in particular simian virus 40 (SV40) and polyoma virus of mice, have attracted great interest primarily because of their capacity to induce neoplastic transforma-tions of some mammalian cells both in vitro and in vivo (see reference 282 for a review). Viral genes persist in transformed cells, and in at least some instances, viral gene products are continuously needed to maintain the transformed cell phenotype. Therefore, these viruses have been extensively studied with the aim of explaining the mechanisms by which the normal controls of cell growth and behavior can be altered to result in neoplasia. Furthermore, the small size of the
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