Gender, migration and HIV in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Gender, migration and HIV in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0011539
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发表时间：
2010-07-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Snow RC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Camlin CS;Hosegood V;Newell ML;McGrath N;Bärnighausen T;Snow RC
关于移徙和艾滋病毒的研究主要侧重于男性移徙，往往未能衡量与妇女移徙有关的艾滋病毒风险。我们的目的是确定女性和男性移民与艾滋病毒感染之间的关联是否不同，并确定女性移民导致其高感染风险的可能机制。获得了2003-04年参与艾滋病毒监测的人口监测区内11,677名15-49岁妇女和15-54岁男子的社会人口特征、迁移模式、性行为和艾滋病毒感染状况的数据。使用最近迁移、家庭存在和迁移频率的测量，进行了逻辑回归，以检验性别和迁移是否与三种加性效应模型中的艾滋病毒感染独立相关。拟合了乘法效应模型，以探讨男性和女性与移民相关的艾滋病毒风险是否存在差异。进一步的建模和模拟探讨了成分或行为差异是否解释了观察到的关联。与非移民男性相比，非移民女性hiv阳性的几率更高（调整比值比[aOR] = 1.72； 95%可信区间[1.49-1.99]），但女性移民的几率更高（aOR = 2.55[2.07-3.13]）。女性移民的感染几率也高于女性非移民（aOR = 1.48[1.23-1.77]）。终生性伴侣数量与艾滋病毒感染之间的关系受到性别和移民身份的影响：对于男性非移民，每增加一个性伴侣，艾滋病毒感染的几率就会增加3% (aOR = 1.03 [1.02-1.05])；对于男性移民，性伴侣数量与HIV感染之间的关系不显著。每增加一个伴侣，非移民女性感染艾滋病毒的几率增加22% (aOR = 1.22[1.12-1.32])，移民女性感染艾滋病毒的几率增加46% （aOR = 1.46[1.25-1.69]）。在移徙背景下高风险的性行为增加了妇女感染艾滋病毒的可能性。
Research on migration and HIV has largely focused on male migration, often failing to measure HIV risks associated with migration for women. We aimed to establish whether associations between migration and HIV infection differ for women and men, and identify possible mechanisms by which women's migration contributes to their high infection risk. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, patterns of migration, sexual behavior and HIV infection status were obtained for a population of 11,677 women aged 15–49 and men aged 15–54, resident members of households within a demographic surveillance area participating in HIV surveillance in 2003–04. Logistic regression was conducted to examine whether sex and migration were independently associated with HIV infection in three additive effects models, using measures of recent migration, household presence and migration frequency. Multiplicative effects models were fitted to explore whether the risk of HIV associated with migration differed for males and females. Further modeling and simulations explored whether composition or behavioral differences accounted for observed associations. Relative to non-migrant males, non-migrant females had higher odds of being HIV-positive (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.72; 95% confidence interval [1.49–1.99]), but odds were higher for female migrants (aOR = 2.55 [2.07–3.13]). Female migrants also had higher odds of infection relative to female non-migrants (aOR = 1.48 [1.23–1.77]). The association between number of sexual partners over the lifetime and HIV infection was modified by both sex and migrant status: For male non-migrants, each additional partner was associated with 3% higher odds of HIV infection (aOR = 1.03 [1.02–1.05]); for male migrants the association between number of partners and HIV infection was non-significant. Each additional partner increased odds of HIV infection by 22% for female non-migrants (aOR = 1.22 [1.12–1.32]) and 46% for female migrants (aOR = 1.46 [1.25–1.69]). Higher risk sexual behavior in the context of migration increased women's likelihood of HIV infection.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
JOCHELSON, K;MOTHIBELI, M;LEGER, JP
通讯作者：
LEGER, JP
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Casale, D;Posel, D
通讯作者：
Posel, D
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Coffee, MP;Garnett, GP;Gregson, S
通讯作者：
Gregson, S
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Halliday, Timothy J.
通讯作者：
Halliday, Timothy J.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Hosegood, V;Timæus, IM
通讯作者：
Timæus, IM