Towards reliable and scalable robot communication

Towards reliable and scalable robot communication
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实现可靠且可扩展的机器人通信

DOI:
10.1145/2975969.2975971
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
--
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Lutac A
Lutac A
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作者:
Lutac A

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机器人操作系统(ROS)是现代机器人事实上的标准平台。然而,在实践中,ROS节点之间的通信存在可扩展性和可靠性问题。在本文中,我们将研究Erlang的轻量级并发性和可靠性机制是否有可能解决这些问题。调查的基础是一对简单但典型的机器人控制应用程序,即两个面部跟踪器:一个使用ROS发布/订阅消息传递,另一个使用定制的Erlang通信框架。我们报告了比较ROS和Erlang面部跟踪器的五个关键方面的实验。我们发现Erlang通信的可扩展性更好,它支持的活动进程(700个进程)比基于ros的通信(200个节点)至少多3.5倍,而消耗的内存只有前者的一半。然而,虽然两个人脸跟踪原型在10个或更少的工作人员的情况下表现出相似的检测精度和传输延迟,但Erlang显示,随着添加更多的代理,处理帧所需的总时间持续增加,我们确定了原因。一项可靠性研究表明,虽然ROS和Erlang重启计算失败,但Erlang进程重启速度比ROS节点快1000- 1500倍,减少了机器人组件停机时间,减轻了故障的影响。
The Robot Operating System (ROS) is the de facto standard platform for modern robots. However, communication between ROS nodes has scalability and reliability issues in practice. In this paper, we investigate whether Erlang's lightweight concurrency and reliability mechanisms have the potential to address these issues. The basis of the investigation is a pair of simple but typical robotic control applications, namely two face-trackers: one using ROS publish/subscribe messaging, and the other a bespoke Erlang communication framework.We report experiments that compare five key aspects of the ROS and Erlang face trackers. We find that Erlang communication scales better, supporting at least 3.5 times more active processes (700 processes) than its ROS-based counterpart (200 nodes) while consuming half of the memory. However, while both face tracking prototypes exhibit similar detection accuracy and transmission latencies with 10 or fewer workers, Erlang exhibits a continuous increase in the total time taken to process a frame as more agents are added, and we identify the cause. A reliability study shows that while both ROS and Erlang restart failed computations, the Erlang processes restart 1000--1500 times faster than ROS nodes, reducing robot component downtime and mitigating the impact of the failures.
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