Male chimpanzees' grooming rates vary by female age, parity, and fertility status.
Male chimpanzees' grooming rates vary by female age, parity, and fertility status.
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DOI：
10.1002/ajp.20964
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发表时间：
2011-10
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Brosnan, Sarah F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Proctor, Darby P.;Lambeth, Susan P.;Schapiro, Steven J.;Brosnan, Sarah F.
我们现存的近亲黑猩猩的交配偏好表明，雄性更喜欢曾经生育过后代的年长雌性。然而，这一发现与一些行为模型相反，这些模型预测雄性黑猩猩作为交配成本最低的杂乱繁殖者，在选择交配伙伴时应该表现出很少或没有偏好（例如应该不加区别地交配）。为了确定交配所表明的偏好是否出现在其他情况下，以及它们如何相互作用，我们研究了雄性黑猩猩的梳理方式在雌性之间的差异。我们发现男性的偏好是基于女性的生育状况、年龄和胎次之间的相互作用。首先，随着女性同性的增加，梳洗行为也随之增加。我们进一步发现发情周期对梳理毛发的影响。当雌性处于周期最低点时，雄性会优先为处于生育高峰期的经产雌性进行梳理，但在最大肿胀期，雄性更喜欢最年长的经产雌性。无论年龄或生育能力如何，未生育的雌性都接受相对较少的梳理。因此，雄性黑猩猩显然是根据雌性的经验和生育能力来选择梳理伴侣的，这可能表明了一种双管齐下的社会投资策略。男性的选择性似乎已经进化到可以有效地分配昂贵的社会资源，从而提高其整体繁殖成功率。
Copulation preferences in our closest living relative, the chimpanzee, suggest that males prefer older females who have had previous offspring. However, this finding is counter to some behavioral models, which predict that chimpanzee males, as promiscuous breeders with minimal costs to mating, should show little or no preference when choosing mating partners (e.g. should mate indiscriminately). To determine if the preferences indicated by copulations appear in other contexts, as well as how they interact, we examined how male chimpanzees' grooming patterns varied amongst females. We found that males' preferences were based on interactions among females' fertility status, age, and parity. First, grooming increased with increasing female parity. We further found an effect of the estrous cycle on grooming; when females were at the lowest point of their cycle, males preferentially groomed parous females at peak reproductive age, but during maximal tumescence, males preferred the oldest multiparous females. Nulliparous females received relatively little grooming regardless of age or fertility. Thus, male chimpanzees apparently chose grooming partners based on both female's experience and fertility, possibly indicating a two-pronged social investment strategy. Male selectivity appears to have evolved to effectively distribute costly social resources in a pattern which may increase their overall reproductive success.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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