Soil metal concentrations and toxicity: associations with distances to industrial facilities and implications for human health.
Soil metal concentrations and toxicity: associations with distances to industrial facilities and implications for human health.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.11.033
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发表时间：
2009-03-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Lawson, Andrew B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aelion, C. Marjorie;Davis, Harley T.;McDermott, Suzanne;Lawson, Andrew B.
关键词：
城市和农村地区可能有不同程度的环境污染和不同的潜在接触源。许多金属，例如，砷（As）、铅（Pb）和汞（Hg）对神经系统的负面影响已得到充分证明，发育中的胎儿和幼儿尤其处于危险之中。使用一个数据库的母亲和孩子对，确定了三个地区：一个农村地区没有增加流行的精神发育迟滞和发育迟缓（MR/DD）（A区），和农村地区（区B）和城市地区（区C）的儿童MR/DD的患病率显着高于全州的平均水平。绘制了区域地图，并从统一网格的节点收集了表层土壤样本。分析样品中的砷，钡（Ba），铍（Be），铬（Cr），铜（Cu），铅，锰（Mn），镍（Ni）和汞的浓度，土壤毒性和相关性，以确定潜在的共同来源。ArcGIS®用于确定采样地点与工业设施之间的距离，这些距离与金属浓度和土壤毒性相关。结果表明，所有金属浓度（除Be和Hg）在C区显着高于A区和B（p ≤ 0.0001），C区的金属之间的相关性较小，这表明更多的不同来源的金属比农村地区。C区也有大量的设施，其距离显着相关的金属，特别是铬（最大r = 0.33; p = 0.0002），并与土壤毒性（最大r = 0.25; p = 0.007）在一个大的空间尺度。砷与任何设施的距离无关，可能有不同的人为或自然来源。与C区相比，这两个农村地区的金属浓度较低，土壤毒性较低，距离和土壤金属之间存在显著关联的设施数量较少。
Urban and rural areas may have different levels of environmental contamination and different potential sources of exposure. Many metals, i.e., arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg), have well-documented negative neurological effects, and the developing fetus and young children are particularly at risk. Using a database of mother and child pairs, three areas were identified: a rural area with no increased prevalence of mental retardation and developmental delay (MR/DD) (Area A), and a rural area (Area B) and an urban area (Area C) with significantly higher prevalence of MR/DD in children as compared to the state-wide average. Areas were mapped and surface soil samples were collected from nodes of the uniform grid. Samples were analyzed for As, barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), Pb, manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and Hg concentrations, and for soil toxicity and correlated to identify potential common sources. ArcGIS® was used to determine distances between sample locations and industrial facilities, which were correlated with both metal concentrations and soil toxicity. Results indicated that all metal concentrations (except Be and Hg) in Area C were significantly greater than those in Areas A and B (p ≤ 0.0001) and that Area C had fewer correlations between metals suggesting more varied sources of metals than in rural areas. Area C also had a large number of facilities whose distances were significantly correlated with metals, particularly Cr (maximum r = 0.33; p = 0.0002), and with soil toxicity (maximum r = 0.25; p = 0.007) over a large spatial scale. Arsenic was not associated with distance to any facility and may have different anthropogenic, or a natural source. In contrast to Area C, both rural areas had lower concentrations of metals, lower soil toxicity, and a small number of facilities with significant associations between distance and soil metals.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Aelion, C. Marjorie;Davis, Harley T.
通讯作者：
Davis, Harley T.
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
THORNTON, I;DAVIES, DJA;QUINN, MJ
通讯作者：
QUINN, MJ
影响因子：
6.8
作者：
Calderón, J;Ortiz-Pérez, D;Díaz-Barriga, F
通讯作者：
Díaz-Barriga, F
影响因子：
8.9
作者：
Li, XD;Lee, SL;Thornton, L
通讯作者：
Thornton, L
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Douay, Francis;Roussel, Helene;Chateau, Gaelle
通讯作者：
Chateau, Gaelle