Neighbourhood structural characteristics and crack cocaine use: exploring the impact of perceived neighbourhood disorder on use among African Americans.
Neighbourhood structural characteristics and crack cocaine use: exploring the impact of perceived neighbourhood disorder on use among African Americans.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugpo.2013.12.007
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发表时间：
2014-05
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
DePadilla, Lara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sterk, Claire E.;Elifson, Kirk W.;DePadilla, Lara
使用快克可卡因及其相关的负面社会和健康后果仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题。越来越多的研究将环境背景作为可卡因使用的决定因素考虑到个人之外。本文的主要目的是研究在亚特兰大（GA）的非裔美国成年人样本中，感知邻里障碍作为近期快克可卡因使用频率的独立相关性的影响，以及其影响是否由使用相关实践和使用的社会背景介导。横断面数据是从亚特兰大70个弱势城市社区通过主动和被动社区外展招募的461名受访者中收集的。采用多变量负二项回归来评估感知邻里障碍与快克可卡因使用频率的独立关联，并探索使用相关实践和使用社会背景的潜在中介作用。在考虑了使用相关的实践和使用的社会背景后，感知到的邻里障碍在统计上并不显著。参与毒品分发和性交易与吸毒频率增加有关，而在较安全的地方使用和单独使用与吸毒频率减少有关。结果表明，感知邻里障碍与快客可卡因使用频率相关，独立于社会人口统计学。然而，当控制与使用相关的实践和使用的社会背景时，其重要性被消除了。这种做法和使用的社会背景可能调解邻里障碍和快克可卡因使用之间的关系。今后的研究需要更充分地阐明与快克可卡因使用有关的个人和邻里特征之间的联系，减少使用的战略必须考虑到与使用有关的做法的突出性和使用的社会背景。
Crack cocaine use and associated negative social and health consequences remain a significant public health problem. Research that expands beyond the individual by considering the environmental context as a determinant of cocaine use is growing. The main objectives of this paper are to examine the effects of perceived neighbourhood disorder as an independent correlate of the frequency of recent crack cocaine use and whether its impact is mediated by use-related practices and social context of use among an African American adult sample in Atlanta (GA). Cross-sectional data were collected from 461 respondents who were recruited through active and passive community outreach from 70 disadvantaged urban neighbourhoods across Atlanta. Multivariable negative binomial regression was performed to assess the independent association of perceived neighbourhood disorder with crack cocaine use frequency and to explore potential mediation by use-related practices and social context of use. Perceived neighbourhood disorder did not remain statistically significant after accounting for use-related practices and social context of use. Involvement in drug distribution and having traded sex were associated with increases in frequency of drug use, while using in safer places and using alone were associated with decreases in frequency of use. The results show that perceived neighbourhood disorder is associated with frequency of crack cocaine use independently of socio-demographics. However, its significance was eliminated when controlling for use-related practices and the social context of use. Such practices and the social context of use may mediate the relationship between neighbourhood disorder and crack cocaine use. Future research is needed to more fully elucidate the links between individual and neighbourhood characteristics that are related to crack cocaine use and strategies to reduce use must consider the salience of use-related practices and the social context of use.
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影响因子：
7.6
作者：
BARON, RM;KENNY, DA
通讯作者：
KENNY, DA
影响因子：
2
作者：
Daniulaityte, Raminta;Carlson, Robert G.;Siegal, Harvey A.
通讯作者：
Siegal, Harvey A.
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
HAMID, A
通讯作者：
HAMID, A
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Crum, RM;LillieBlanton, M;Anthony, JC
通讯作者：
Anthony, JC
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
EHRMAN, RN;ROBBINS, SJ;OBRIEN, CP
通讯作者：
OBRIEN, CP