Geographic variation in the acoustic traits of greater horseshoe bats: testing the importance of drift and ecological selection in evolutionary processes.

Geographic variation in the acoustic traits of greater horseshoe bats: testing the importance of drift and ecological selection in evolutionary processes.
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大马蹄蝠声学特征的地理变异:测试进化过程中漂移和生态选择的重要性

DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0070368
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Feng J
Feng J
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sun K;Luo L;Kimball RT;Wei X;Jin L;Jiang T;Li G;Feng J

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信号系统的种内地理变异模式提供了对驱动表型分化的微进化过程的深入了解。蝙蝠的叫声对不同的进化力量很敏感,但形成叫声变化的过程在很大程度上尚未被探索。在中国,菊头蝠表现出多样化的呼叫频率和栖息地异质景观,这为此类研究提供了极好的机会。我们量化了回声定位叫声的静息频率(RF)的地理变异,估计了R. ferrumequinum种群,并结合气候因素来测试三个假设来解释声音的变化:遗传漂变,文化漂变,和当地的适应。研究结果表明,中国东北、中东部和西南地区蝙蝠种群的分布频率和发生率存在明显的区域差异。CE区的频率高于NE和SW区。RF发散的驱动因素在整个范围内进行了估计,仅在CE/NE区域(因为这两个区域形成了一个分支)。在这两种情况下,RF分化与mtDNA或nDNA遗传距离无关,但与地理距离和年平均温度显著相关,表明文化漂变和生态选择压力可能是形成中国不同地区RF分化的重要因素。
Patterns of intraspecific geographic variation of signaling systems provide insight into the microevolutionary processes driving phenotypic divergence. The acoustic calls of bats are sensitive to diverse evolutionary forces, but processes that shape call variation are largely unexplored. In China, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum displays a diverse call frequency and inhabits a heterogeneous landscape, presenting an excellent opportunity for this kind of research. We quantified geographic variation in resting frequency (RF) of echolocation calls, estimated genetic structure and phylogeny of R. ferrumequinum populations, and combined this with climatic factors to test three hypotheses to explain acoustic variation: genetic drift, cultural drift, and local adaptation. Our results demonstrated significant regional divergence in frequency and phylogeny among the bat populations in China's northeast (NE), central-east (CE) and southwest (SW) regions. The CE region had higher frequencies than the NE and SW regions. Drivers of RF divergence were estimated in the entire range and just the CE/NE region (since these two regions form a clade). In both cases, RF divergence was not correlated with mtDNA or nDNA genetic distance, but was significantly correlated with geographic distance and mean annual temperature, indicating cultural drift and ecological selection pressures are likely important in shaping RF divergence among different regions in China.
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