Protein pheromone expression levels predict and respond to the formation of social dominance networks.
Protein pheromone expression levels predict and respond to the formation of social dominance networks.
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DOI：
10.1111/jeb.12643
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Potts WK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nelson AC;Cunningham CB;Ruff JS;Potts WK
通信信号是社会网络的关键调节器，被认为是在选择性压力下诚实地反映社会地位，包括支配地位。显性和非显性的气味对行为的影响是不同的，识别与显性状态相关的特定信息素，并预测显性状态，对于理解网络形成和维持的机制至关重要。在小鼠中，主要尿蛋白（MUPs）排泄量非常大，其表达水平被假设为提供优势地位的诚实信号。在这里，我们通过分析在争夺生殖资源之前、期间和之后三天的表达水平来评估MUPs是否与野生源性小鼠的优势性相关。在竞争过程中，优势雄性的尿MUP表达比非优势雄性高24%。MUP darcin是一种刺激雌性吸引力的信息素，可以预测支配地位：优势雄性在竞争前有更高的darcin表达。在比赛前和比赛中，优势队的队形比其他优势队的队形要高。这些差异似乎是短暂的，因为在比赛后，MUPs或darcin没有差异。我们还发现MUP表达受父系优势地位的影响：社会上处于优势地位的儿子的MUP表达较低，但这种明显的抑制在竞争中被释放。沟通信号进化的必要条件是诚实，我们通过显示MUP和darcin的表达是优势地位的可靠信号，这是许多物种雄性适合度的主要决定因素，为信息素和社会网络提供了新的见解。
Communication signals are key regulators of social networks, and are thought to be under selective pressure to honestly reflect social status, including dominance status. The odors of dominants and nondominants differentially influence behavior, and identification of the specific pheromones associated with, and predictive of, dominance status is essential for understanding the mechanisms of network formation and maintenance. In mice, major urinary proteins (MUPs) are excreted in extraordinary large quantities and expression level has been hypothesized to provide an honest signal of dominance status. Here, we evaluate whether MUPs are associated with dominance in wild-derived mice by analyzing expression levels before, during, and after competition for reproductive resources over three days. During competition, dominant males have 24% greater urinary MUP expression than nondominants. The MUP darcin, a pheromone that stimulates female attraction, is predictive of dominance status: dominant males have higher darcin expression before competition. Dominants also have a higher ratio of darcin to other MUPs before and during competition. These differences appear transient, because there are no differences in MUPs or darcin after competition. We also find MUP expression is affected by sire dominance status: socially naive sons of dominant males have lower MUP expression, but this apparent repression is released during competition. A requisite condition for the evolution of communication signals is honesty, and we provide novel insight into pheromones and social networks by showing that MUP and darcin expression is a reliable signal of dominance status, a primary determinant of male fitness in many species.
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影响因子：
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