Individual differences in responsivity to social rewards: Insights from two eye-tracking tasks.
Individual differences in responsivity to social rewards: Insights from two eye-tracking tasks.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0185146
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
McSorley E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chakrabarti B;Haffey A;Canzano L;Taylor CP;McSorley E
人类通常从小就更喜欢社交刺激而不是非社交刺激。在患有自闭症谱系疾病（ASC）的个体中观察到对社会奖励的偏好降低。这种偏好通常在衡量对社会刺激的定向和参与的单独任务中被注意到。在本实验中，我们使用两项眼球追踪任务来对 77 名典型成年人的社会偏好的这两个方面进行索引。我们使用了两种衡量标准：全局效应和优先寻找时间。全局效应任务测量对社会刺激的扫视偏差（与“定向”相关），而优先观察任务记录对社会刺激的注视持续时间偏差（与“参与”相关）。研究发现，社交奖励会引起更大的扫视偏差和更大的注视持续时间偏差，这表明与非社交奖励相比，它们具有更大的显着性和更高的价值。特质同理心与社会奖励相对价值的衡量呈正相关，但与其显着性无关。因此，这项研究阐明了同理心与社会奖励处理的关系。
Humans generally prefer social over nonsocial stimuli from an early age. Reduced preference for social rewards has been observed in individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC). This preference has typically been noted in separate tasks that measure orienting toward and engaging with social stimuli. In this experiment, we used two eye-tracking tasks to index both of these aspects of social preference in in 77 typical adults. We used two measures, global effect and preferential looking time. The global effect task measures saccadic deviation toward a social stimulus (related to ‘orienting’), while the preferential looking task records gaze duration bias toward social stimuli (relating to ‘engaging’). Social rewards were found to elicit greater saccadic deviation and greater gaze duration bias, suggesting that they have both greater salience and higher value compared to nonsocial rewards. Trait empathy was positively correlated with the measure of relative value of social rewards, but not with their salience. This study thus elucidates the relationship of empathy with social reward processing.
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