Neural correlates of using distancing to regulate emotional responses to social situations.
Neural correlates of using distancing to regulate emotional responses to social situations.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.03.002
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发表时间：
2010-05
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Siever LJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koenigsberg HW;Fan J;Ochsner KN;Liu X;Guise K;Pizzarello S;Dorantes C;Tecuta L;Guerreri S;Goodman M;New A;Flory J;Siever LJ
认知重评价是一种常用的、高适应性的情绪调节策略，已在健康志愿者中得到研究。迄今为止，大多数研究都集中在重新评估的形式上，包括重新解释刺激的意义，并混合了社会和非社会情绪刺激。在这里，我们使用一种较少研究的重新评估形式——距离——来研究由社会情境引发的负面情绪调节的神经关联。当参与者观看令人厌恶的和中性的社交场景时，研究人员获得了全脑功能磁共振成像（fMRI）数据，并指示他们要么简单地观看并自然地对这些图像做出反应，要么通过保持距离来降低他们的情绪反应。三个关键的发现是伴随着减少的厌恶反应行为。首先，在两种教学类型中，令人厌恶的社交图像激活了杏仁核。其次，在两种图像类型中，距离激活了楔前叶和后扣带皮层（PCC）、顶叶内沟（IPS）和颞中上回（M/STG）。当远离厌恶图像时，扣带背前部（dACC）、内侧前额叶皮层（mPFC）、外侧前额叶皮层、楔前叶和PCC、IPS和M/STG的活动增加，杏仁核的活动减少。这些发现表明，远离厌恶的社会线索，通过参与涉及社会知觉、换位思考和注意力分配的网络来调节杏仁核活动。
Cognitive reappraisal is a commonly used and highly adaptive strategy for emotion regulation that has been studied in healthy volunteers. Most studies to date have focused on forms of reappraisal that involve reinterpreting the meaning of stimuli and have intermixed social and non-social emotional stimuli. Here we examined the neural correlates of the regulation of negative emotion elicited by social situations using a less studied form of reappraisal known as distancing. Whole brain fMRI data were obtained as participants viewed aversive and neutral social scenes with instructions to either simply look at and respond naturally to the images or to downregulate their emotional responses by distancing. Three key findings were obtained accompanied with the reduced aversive response behaviorally. First, across both instruction types, aversive social images activated the amygdala. Second, across both image types, distancing activated the precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), intraparietal sulci (IPS), and middle/superior temporal gyrus (M/STG). Third, when distancing one’s self from aversive images, activity increased in dorsal anterior cingulate (dACC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), lateral prefrontal cortex, precuneus and PCC, IPS, and M/STG, meanwhile, and decreased in the amygdala. These findings demonstrate that distancing from aversive social cues modulates amygdala activity via engagement of networks implicated in social perception, perspective-taking, and attentional allocation.
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