Pervasive, hard-wired and male: Qualitative study of how UK adolescents view alcohol-related aggression.
Pervasive, hard-wired and male: Qualitative study of how UK adolescents view alcohol-related aggression.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0191269
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Qualter P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Whitaker L;Brown SL;Young B;Fereday R;Coyne SM;Qualter P
对没有饮酒经验的青少年进行的实验室研究表明，与酒精相关的刺激可能会引发攻击行为，这表明与酒精相关的攻击行为部分是社会习得的。脚本理论认为，与酒精相关的攻击行为的社会行为“脚本”在文化上是可用的，并且可以由个人学习。该研究的目的是了解青少年学到的与酒精相关的攻击脚本的内容和起源。这项针对 40 名青少年（14-16 岁）的定性焦点小组研究检查了与酒精相关的攻击行为脚本。参与者认为，年轻人喝酒时，攻击行为和严重伤害是普遍存在的。从生物学的角度来看，参与者将攻击性描述为一种“本能”和“与生俱来”的男性特征，由醉酒促成。因此，与酒精有关的攻击行为不被认为是有意为之或个人可控的，参与者也没有从道德角度看待它。女性在很大程度上被视为男性间攻击的旁观者或男性性攻击的潜在受害者。参与者将他们对与酒精有关的攻击行为的频率和性质的看法归因于时事和真人秀电视，他们认为这些节目描绘了他们几乎没有经历过的现实。参与者使用的明确的生物学框架的起源似乎在于关于性别差异本质的预先存在的信念。对男性与酒精有关的攻击行为普遍存在的看法，以及由此导致的未能从道德角度看待与酒精有关的攻击行为，可能会使一些年轻人陷入与酒精有关的攻击行为。干预措施可以针对（1）认为与酒精相关的攻击行为在男性中普遍存在且无法控制的信念，以及（2）参与者对支撑这些信念的男性气质的功能失调的看法。
Laboratory studies of alcohol-inexperienced adolescents show that aggression can be primed by alcohol-related stimuli, suggesting that alcohol-related aggression is partly socially learned. Script theory proposes that alcohol-related aggression ‘scripts’ for social behaviors are culturally-available and learned by individuals. The purpose of the study was to understand the content and origins of alcohol-related aggression scripts learned by adolescents. This qualitative focus group study of 40 adolescents (ages 14–16 years) examined alcohol-related aggression scripts. Participants believed aggression and severe injury to be pervasive when young people drink. Viewed through a biological lens, participants described aggression as an ‘instinctive’ and ‘hard-wired’ male trait facilitated by intoxication. As such, alcohol-related aggression was not seen as intended or personally controllable and participants did not see it in moral terms. Females were largely viewed as either bystanders of inter-male aggression or potential victims of male sexual aggression. Participants attributed their views on the frequency and nature of alcohol-related aggression to current affairs and reality television, which they felt portrayed a reality of which they had little experience. The origins of the explicitly biological frameworks that participants used seemed to lie in pre-existing beliefs about the nature of gender differences. Perceptions of the pervasiveness of male alcohol-related aggression, and the consequent failure to view alcohol-related aggression in moral terms, could dispose some young people to alcohol-related aggression. Interventions could target (1) the beliefs that alcohol-related aggression is pervasive and uncontrollable in males, and (2) participants’ dysfunctional views of masculinity that underpin those beliefs.
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DOI：
10.1097/01.ta.0000101490.32972.9f
发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
Potenza, BM;Hoyt, DB;Hollingsworth-Fridlund, P
通讯作者：
Hollingsworth-Fridlund, P
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Graham, K;Wells, S
通讯作者：
Wells, S
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bushman, BJ;Huesmann, LR
通讯作者：
Huesmann, LR
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Freeman, Nancy K.
通讯作者：
Freeman, Nancy K.
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Jayne, Mark;Valentine, Gill;Gould, Myles
通讯作者：
Gould, Myles