A Tale of Two Viruses: Immunological Insights Into HCV/HIV Coinfection.
A Tale of Two Viruses: Immunological Insights Into HCV/HIV Coinfection.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2021.726419
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Shoukry NH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gobran ST;Ancuta P;Shoukry NH
全世界有近230万人同时感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）。与艾滋病毒阴性者相比，艾滋病毒感染者（PLWH）感染HCV的几率高出六倍，其中注射毒品者（PWID）和男男性行为者（MSM）的患病率最高。HIV合并感染对HCV的自然史有不利影响，包括与HCV单一感染相比，急性感染后HCV持续存在的比率更高，病毒载量更高，肝纤维化进展加速和终末期肝病的发展。类似地，据报道，HCV合并感染影响接受抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）的PLWH中的HIV疾病进展，其中HCV合并感染负面影响CD 4 + T细胞计数的稳态，并促进HIV复制和病毒库持续存在。虽然ART不能治愈HIV，但直接作用抗病毒药物（DAA）现在可以在近95%的合并感染者中治愈HCV。然而，关于HCV治愈和随后的肝脏炎症的解决如何影响全身免疫激活、免疫重建和潜伏的HIV储库知之甚少。在这篇综述中，我们将总结目前的知识，关于HIV/HCV合并感染的发病机制，HCV合并感染对HIV疾病进展的影响，在ART的背景下，HIV对HCV相关的肝脏发病率的影响，以及DAA介导的HCV治愈对免疫重建和HIV水库持续性合并感染患者的后果。
Nearly 2.3 million individuals worldwide are coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Odds of HCV infection are six times higher in people living with HIV (PLWH) compared to their HIV-negative counterparts, with the highest prevalence among people who inject drugs (PWID) and men who have sex with men (MSM). HIV coinfection has a detrimental impact on the natural history of HCV, including higher rates of HCV persistence following acute infection, higher viral loads, and accelerated progression of liver fibrosis and development of end-stage liver disease compared to HCV monoinfection. Similarly, it has been reported that HCV coinfection impacts HIV disease progression in PLWH receiving anti-retroviral therapies (ART) where HCV coinfection negatively affects the homeostasis of CD4+ T cell counts and facilitates HIV replication and viral reservoir persistence. While ART does not cure HIV, direct acting antivirals (DAA) can now achieve HCV cure in nearly 95% of coinfected individuals. However, little is known about how HCV cure and the subsequent resolution of liver inflammation influence systemic immune activation, immune reconstitution and the latent HIV reservoir. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of HIV/HCV coinfection, the effects of HCV coinfection on HIV disease progression in the context of ART, the impact of HIV on HCV-associated liver morbidity, and the consequences of DAA-mediated HCV cure on immune reconstitution and HIV reservoir persistence in coinfected patients.
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DOI：
10.1097/qad.0b013e3283324344
发表时间：
2009-11-27
期刊：
AIDS (London, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Balagopal A;Ray SC;De Oca RM;Sutcliffe CG;Vivekanandan P;Higgins Y;Mehta SH;Moore RD;Sulkowski MS;Thomas DL;Torbenson MS
通讯作者：
Torbenson MS
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Balagopal，Ashwin;Smeaton，Laura M.;Talal，Andrew H.
通讯作者：
Talal，Andrew H.
影响因子：
8
作者：
Bailey, Justin R.;Flyak, Andrew I.;Crowe, James E., Jr.
通讯作者：
Crowe, James E., Jr.
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Bailey, Justin R.;Dowd, Kimberly A.;Ray, Stuart C.
通讯作者：
Ray, Stuart C.
从CD8+ T细胞免疫中逃脱的突变：HCV的进化，从黑猩猩到人。
影响因子：
15.3
作者：
Bowen, David G;Walker, Christopher M
通讯作者：
Walker, Christopher M