Benefits of mHealth Co-design for African American and Hispanic Adults: Multi-Method Participatory Research for a Health Information App.
Benefits of mHealth Co-design for African American and Hispanic Adults: Multi-Method Participatory Research for a Health Information App.
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DOI：
10.2196/26764
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发表时间：
2022-03-09
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Baur C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jackson DN;Sehgal N;Baur C
前瞻性研究方法可以深入了解移动的健康（mHealth）应用程序的使用，文化偏好和需求，以及种族和族裔群体的健康素养问题，如经历健康差异的非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔美国人。这篇方法论论文旨在描述一个为期1年的多方法参与式研究过程，该过程直接让讲英语的非洲裔美国人和讲双语或西班牙语的西班牙裔成年人参与设计一个以预防为重点的个性化移动健康信息搜索智能手机应用程序。我们报告设计团队参与者的经验，以说明为什么我们的方法在制作更符合他们需求的应用程序方面很有价值。进行了三次设计会议，以告知一个以预防为中心的迭代，个性化的mHealth，信息搜索应用程序。研究团队领导了与2个社区成员设计团队的会议。设计团队的参与者描述了他们的目标，动机，并使用不同的方法，如拼贴和卡片分类（设计会议1），与应用程序原型（设计会议2）的互动，和文化适当性策略（设计会议3）的评级有关的预防信息的兴趣。每个设计团队有5至6名参与者：2至3名男性参与者和3名女性参与者，年龄在30至76岁之间。设计团队参与者分享了他们对会议的喜欢和不喜欢以及设计会议的整体体验。非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔美国人的团队都报告了积极的参与经验。主要原因包括有机会听取他们的意见，在设计过程中共同努力，减少他们对mHealth的担忧，并有机会增加他们如何通过mHealth管理健康的知识。每次会议的反馈为后续设计会议和社区参与过程提供了信息。此外，每次设计会议的具体结果为两个社区的应用程序设计提供了信息。这种多方法参与式研究过程揭示了4个关键的经验教训和建议，为未来的研究在移动健康应用程序设计为非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔美国人。第1课-社区伙伴关系是关键，因为它们提供了信任链，帮助非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔参与者在参与应用程序研究时感到舒适。第2课-基于社区的参与性研究原则继续产生有希望的结果，使这些人群参与移动健康研究。第3课-互动设计会议揭示了参与者对移动健康工具的需求和开发机会。第4课-采用不同方法的多个设计会议深入了解参与者的mHealth偏好和需求。未来的开发人员应该考虑这些方法和经验教训，以确保市场上的健康应用有助于消除健康差距和实现健康公平。
Participatory research methodologies can provide insight into the use of mobile health (mHealth) apps, cultural preferences and needs, and health literacy issues for racial and ethnic groups, such as African Americans and Hispanics who experience health disparities. This methodological paper aims to describe a 1-year multi-method participatory research process that directly engaged English-speaking African American and bilingual or Spanish-speaking Hispanic adults in designing a prevention-focused, personalized mHealth, information-seeking smartphone app. We report design team participants’ experiences with the methods to show why our approach is valuable in producing apps that are more aligned with their needs. Three design sessions were conducted to inform the iteration of a prevention-focused, personalized mHealth, information-seeking app. The research team led sessions with 2 community member design teams. Design team participants described their goals, motives, and interests regarding prevention information using different approaches, such as collage and card sorting (design session 1), interaction with the app prototype (design session 2), and rating of cultural appropriateness strategies (design session 3). Each design team had 5 to 6 participants: 2 to 3 male participants and 3 female participants aged between 30 and 76 years. Design team participants shared their likes and dislikes about the sessions and the overall experience of the design sessions. Both African American and Hispanic teams reported positive participation experience. The primary reasons included the opportunity for their views to be heard, collectively working together in the design process, having their apprehension about mHealth reduced, and an opportunity to increase their knowledge of how they could manage their health through mHealth. The feedback from each session informed the following design sessions and a community-engaged process. In addition, the specific findings for each design session informed the design of the app for both communities. This multi-method participatory research process revealed 4 key lessons learned and recommendations for future research in mHealth app design for African Americans and Hispanics. Lesson 1—community partnerships are key because they provide the chain of trust that helps African American and Hispanic participants feel comfortable participating in app research. Lesson 2—community-based participatory research principles continue to yield promising results to engage these populations in mHealth research. Lesson 3—interactive design sessions uncover participants’ needs and development opportunities for mHealth tools. Lesson 4—multiple design sessions with different methods provide an in-depth understanding of participants’ mHealth preferences and needs. Future developers should consider these methods and lessons to ensure health apps in the marketplace contribute to eliminating health disparities and achieving health equity.
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