The Frontiers of Uncertainty Estimation in Interdisciplinary Disaster Research and Practice

The Frontiers of Uncertainty Estimation in Interdisciplinary Disaster Research and Practice
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跨学科灾害研究与实践中的不确定性估计前沿

DOI:
10.1111/risa.13337
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Murray‐Tuite, Pamela
Murray‐Tuite, Pamela
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nateghi, Roshanak;Sutton, Jeannette;Murray‐Tuite, Pamela

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对灾害风险进行概念化、评估和管理涉及收集和综合来自自然、建筑和人类系统的多元信息,以确定灾害影响的特征并指导有效的复原力投资政策。因此,灾害研究和实践是高度复杂的,本质上是跨学科的努力。确定跨学科灾害研究中涉及的不确定性的特征是当务之急,因为歪曲不确定性可能导致短视的决策和次优的社会结果。因此,有效的减灾应明确处理与灾害建模、准备和应对的所有阶段相关的不确定性。然而,在跨学科灾害研究背景下的不确定性评估和交流仍未得到充分研究。在这篇《透视》文章中,我们认为,在灾害研究中利用跨学科方法和不同的数据类型时,必须仔细考虑评估III型和IV型错误。此外,我们还讨论了频域方法的病理性,呼吁贝叶斯方法在不确定性估计中发挥更大的作用。此外,我们讨论了与信息和不确定性相关的潜在权衡,呼吁在设置跨学科建模的范围之前,仔细考虑信息多样性的作用。在对本文提出的想法进行进一步思考的指导下,未来的研究将有助于推动跨学科危险研究和实践中不确定性评估的前沿。
Conceptualizing, assessing, and managing disaster risks involve collecting and synthesizing pluralistic information—from natural, built, and human systems—to characterize disaster impacts and guide policy on effective resilience investments. Disaster research and practice, therefore, are highly complex and inherently interdisciplinary endeavors. Characterizing the uncertainties involved in interdisciplinary disaster research is imperative, since misrepresenting uncertainty can lead to myopic decisions and suboptimal societal outcomes. Efficacious disaster mitigation should, therefore, explicitly address the uncertainties associated with all stages of hazard modeling, preparation, and response. However, uncertainty assessment and communication in the context of interdisciplinary disaster research remain understudied. In this “Perspective” article, we argue that in harnessing interdisciplinary methods and diverse data types in disaster research, careful deliberations on assessingType IIIandType IVerrors are imperative. Additionally, we discuss the pathologies in frequentist approaches, calling for an increasing role for Bayesian methods in uncertainty estimations. Moreover, we discuss the potential tradeoffs associated with information and uncertainty, calling for deliberate consideration of the role of diversity of information prior to setting the scope in interdisciplinary modeling. Future research guided by further reflections on the ideas raised in this article could help push the frontiers of uncertainty estimation in interdisciplinary hazard research and practice.
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