Weakly supervised anomaly detection coupled with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy for the identification of non-normal tissue.

Weakly supervised anomaly detection coupled with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy for the identification of non-normal tissue.
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弱监督异常检测与傅里叶变换红外 (FT-IR) 光谱相结合,用于识别非正常组织。

DOI:
10.1039/d3an00618b
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
The Analyst
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ferguson D
Ferguson D
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ferguson D

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使用机器学习(ML)技术对组织病理学异常组织成分的检测和分类通常需要针对感兴趣的每种组织或细胞类型的示例数据。这给对组织的研究带来了问题,这些组织几乎没有感兴趣的区域,或者那些希望识别和分类罕见疾病的人,导致样本量不足,无法构建多变量和ML模型。关于对振动光谱,特别是红外光谱的影响,样本数量少可能导致样本组化学成分建模无效,从而导致检测和分类错误。异常检测可以是该问题的解决方案,使得用户能够有效地对被认为代表正常组织的组织成分进行建模,以捕获任何异常组织并识别非正常组织的实例,无论是疾病还是光谱伪影。这项工作说明了一种新的方法,使用弱监督异常检测算法与红外显微镜配对可以检测非正常组织光谱。除了偶然的干扰物,如头发,灰尘和组织划痕,该算法还可以检测病变组织的区域。该模型从未被引入到这些组的实例中,仅使用IR光谱指纹区域仅对健康对照数据进行训练。这种方法是证明使用肝脏组织的数据,从一个农业化学品接触小鼠的研究。
The detection and classification of histopathological abnormal tissue constituents using machine learning (ML) techniques generally requires example data for each tissue or cell type of interest. This creates problems for studies on tissue that will have few regions of interest, or for those looking to identify and classify diseases of rarity, resulting in inadequate sample sizes from which to build multivariate and ML models. Regarding the impact on vibrational spectroscopy, specifically infrared (IR) spectroscopy, low numbers of samples may result in ineffective modelling of the chemical composition of sample groups, resulting in detection and classification errors. Anomaly detection may be a solution to this problem, enabling users to effectively model tissue constituents considered to represent normal tissue to capture any abnormal tissue and identify instances of non-normal tissue, be it disease or spectral artefacts. This work illustrates how a novel approach using a weakly supervised anomaly detection algorithm paired with IR microscopy can detect non-normal tissue spectra. In addition to incidental interferents such as hair, dust, and tissue scratches, the algorithm can also detect regions of diseased tissue. The model is never introduced to instances of these groups, training solely on healthy control data using only the IR spectral fingerprint region. This approach is demonstrated using liver tissue data from an agrochemical exposure mouse study.
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