Robust integer and fractional helical modes in the quantum Hall effect.
Robust integer and fractional helical modes in the quantum Hall effect.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41567-017-0035-2
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发表时间：
2018-04
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Umansky V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ronen Y;Cohen Y;Banitt D;Heiblum M;Umansky V
具有一维螺旋模式的电子系统，其中自旋和动量被锁定，最近已成为其自身的一个重要领域。当与传统超导体耦合时，此类系统有望表现出拓扑超导性。具有异国情调的马约拉纳零模式的独特相位。更有趣的是尚未观察到的分数螺旋模式，它为实现广义平费米子开辟了道路。这些准粒子拥有非阿贝尔交换统计数据，可以作为拓扑量子计算的构建块。在这里，我们提出了一种在量子霍尔体系中形成受保护的一维螺旋边缘模式的新方法。该新颖平台基于砷化镓系统中精心设计的双量子阱结构，该系统托管两个电子子带；每个都调谐到量子霍尔效应状态。通过对结构的不同区域进行静电选通，形成反向传播的整数以及分数、具有相反自旋的边缘模式。我们证明，由于自旋保护，这些螺旋模式在长距离内仍保持弹道。除了形成螺旋模式之外，该平台还可以作为人工感应复合分数边缘模式以及构建基于边缘模式的干涉仪的丰富平台。
Electronic systems harboring one-dimensional helical modes, where spin and momentum are locked, have lately become an important field of its own. When coupled to a conventional superconductor, such systems are expected to manifest topological superconductivity; a unique phase hosting exotic Majorana zero modes. Even more interesting are fractional helical modes, yet to be observed, which open the route for realizing generalized parafermions. Possessing non-abelian exchange statistics, these quasiparticles may serve as building blocks in topological quantum computing. Here, we present a new approach to form protected one-dimensional helical edge modes in the quantum Hall regime. The novel platform is based on a carefully designed double-quantum-well structure in a GaAs based system hosting two electronic sub-bands; each tuned to the quantum Hall effect regime. By electrostatic gating of different areas of the structure, counter-propagating integer, as well as fractional, edge modes with opposite spins are formed. We demonstrate that due to spin-protection, these helical modes remain ballistic for large distances. In addition to the formation of helical modes, this platform can serve as a rich playground for artificial induction of compounded fractional edge modes, and for construction of edge modes based interferometers.
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