Activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore modulates Ca2+ responses to physiological stimuli in adult neurons.

Activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore modulates Ca2+ responses to physiological stimuli in adult neurons.
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DOI:
10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07576.x
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发表时间:
2011-03
期刊:
The European journal of neuroscience
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Forte M
Forte M
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Barsukova A;Komarov A;Hajnóczky G;Bernardi P;Bourdette D;Forte M

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线粒体参与细胞和神经元Ca2+稳态网络现在已被广泛接受。然而,神经元Ca2+反应中特定线粒体途径的关键测试受到阻碍,因为线粒体蛋白的身份必须整合在这个动态系统中仍然不确定。线粒体Ca2+外排的一种可能途径是通过渗透性过渡孔(PTP)的形成,这通常与细胞和神经元死亡有关。在这里,我们评估了野生型小鼠的单个成年神经元中的神经元Ca2+动力学和PTP,以及缺失的亲环蛋白D (CyPD), PTP的关键调节因子。使用高分辨率延时成像,我们证明PTP开放只有在两种生理刺激同时激活后才能产生临界阈值水平的细胞质和线粒体Ca2+。我们的研究结果首次证明了正常神经元Ca2+稳态机制中cypd依赖性PTP开放不会导致细胞死亡途径的激活。由于缺乏CyPD的小鼠的神经元在许多神经退行性疾病模型中受到保护,研究结果表明,在这些病理状态下,CyPD敲除动物的生存能力提高可能是由于突变线粒体中PTP的短暂激活,而不是持续激活,从而保护神经元免受细胞质Ca2+过载的影响。
The participation of mitochondria in cellular and neuronal Ca2+ homeostatic networks is now well accepted. Yet, critical tests of specific mitochondrial pathways in neuronal Ca2+ responses have been hampered because the identity of mitochondrial proteins that must be integrated within this dynamic system remain uncertain. One putative pathway for Ca2+ efflux from mitochondria exists through the formation of the permeability transition pore (PTP) that is often associated with cellular and neuronal death. Here, we have evaluated neuronal Ca2+ dynamics and the PTP in single adult neurons in wild-type mice and those missing cyclophilin D (CyPD), a key regulator of the PTP. Using high-resolution time-lapse imaging, we demonstrate that PTP opening only follows simultaneous activation with two physiological stimuli that generate critical threshold levels of cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca2+. Our results are the first to demonstrate CyPD-dependent PTP opening in normal neuronal Ca2+ homeostatic mechanisms not leading to activation of cell death pathways. As neurons in mice lacking CyPD are protected in a number of neurodegenerative disease models, the results suggest that improved viability of CyPD-knockout animals in these pathological states may be due to the transient, rather than persistent, activation of the PTP in mutant mitochondria, thereby shielding neurons from cytoplasmic Ca2+ overload.
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