Neuronal polarity in Drosophila: sorting out axons and dendrites.

Neuronal polarity in Drosophila: sorting out axons and dendrites.
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DOI:
10.1002/dneu.20836
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发表时间:
2011-06
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Rolls, Melissa M.
Rolls, Melissa M.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rolls, Melissa M.

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根据细胞形状,果蝇神经元具有可识别的轴突和树突,但果蝇神经元如何在分子水平上极化才刚刚开始清楚。已经描述了树突特异性组分,包括高尔基体复合体、GABA受体、神经递质受体支架蛋白和细胞粘附分子。参与构建突触前特化的蛋白质集中在某些神经元的轴突中。基于轴突和树突中微管的相反极性,可以构建一个非常简单的模型来解释这些成分如何分布到轴突和树突中:动力蛋白将货物运送到树突中,驱动蛋白将货物运送到轴突中。简单的模型对于多极神经元很有效,但对于单极神经元可能需要改进,这在果蝇中很常见。
Drosophila neurons have identifiable axons and dendrites based on cell shape, but it is only just starting to become clear how Drosophila neurons are polarized at the molecular level. Dendrite-specific components, including the Golgi complex, GABA receptors, neurotransmitter receptor scaffolding proteins and cell adhesion molecules have been described. And proteins involved in constructing presynaptic specializations are concentrated in axons of some neurons. A very simple model for how these components are distributed to axons and dendrites can be constructed based on the opposite polarity of microtubules in axons and dendrites: dynein carries cargo into dendrites, and kinesins carry cargo into axons. The simple model works well for multipolar neurons, but will likely need refinement for unipolar neurons, which are common in Drosophila.
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