Advances in cancer cachexia: Intersection between affected organs, mediators, and pharmacological interventions.
Advances in cancer cachexia: Intersection between affected organs, mediators, and pharmacological interventions.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188359
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发表时间：
2020-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nasser MW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Siddiqui JA;Pothuraju R;Jain M;Batra SK;Nasser MW
晚期癌症患者表现出恶病质，其特征是体重显着下降，主要是由于骨骼肌和脂肪组织的损失。恶病质是癌症患者发病和死亡的主要原因之一。癌症患者食物摄入量减少和多器官能量失衡会加重恶病质综合征。恶病质癌症患者对化疗和放疗的耐受性较低，生活质量也较低。肿瘤的存在和当前的癌症治疗方案进一步加剧了恶病质状况，这仍然是一个未得到满足的医疗需求。恶病质的发生涉及不同器官之间的串扰，导致肌肉萎缩。最近在了解骨骼肌萎缩/肥大和脂肪组织消耗/褐变的分子机制方面取得的进展为开发新的靶向疗法提供了平台。因此，更好地了解这种多因素疾病将有助于改善恶病质患者的生活质量。在这篇综述中，我们总结了恶病质的代谢介质、它们的分子功能、受影响的器官，特别是肌肉萎缩和脂肪褐变，然后讨论了癌症恶病质的先进治疗方法。
Advanced cancer patients exhibit cachexia, a condition characterized by a significant reduction in the body weight predominantly from loss of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Cachexia is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Decreased food intake and multi-organ energy imbalance in cancer patients worsen the cachexia syndrome. Cachectic cancer patients have a low tolerance for chemo- and radiation therapies and also have a reduced quality of life. The presence of tumors and the current treatment options for cancer further exacerbate the cachexia condition, which remains an unmet medical need. The onset of cachexia involves crosstalk between different organs leading to muscle wasting. Recent advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy/hypertrophy and adipose tissue wasting/browning provide a platform for the development of new targeted therapies. Therefore, a better understanding of this multifactorial disorder will help to improve the quality of life of cachectic patients. In this review, we summarize the metabolic mediators of cachexia, their molecular functions, affected organs especially with respect to muscle atrophy and adipose browning and then discuss advanced therapeutic approaches to cancer cachexia.
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