The effects of trawling and primary production on size-structured food webs in seabed ecosystems

The effects of trawling and primary production on size-structured food webs in seabed ecosystems
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拖网捕捞和初级生产对海底生态系统规模结构食物网的影响

DOI:
10.1139/cjfas-2020-0025
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
2.4
通讯作者:
Howarth L
Howarth L
中科院分区:
农林科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Howarth L

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了解不同的驱动因素如何形成丰度和体重之间的关系(大小光谱),对于了解食物网中的营养和竞争相互作用以及预测人类压力的影响非常重要。在这里,我们对凯尔特海和英吉利海峡西部的海底群落进行抽样,从小型多毛类(0.001克)到大型鱼类(1公斤),以检查海底拖网和初级生产力如何影响它们的体型谱,并将这些结果与一个耦合捕食者和有害生物群落的模型的预测进行比较。由于有害生物的尺寸谱被截断,所以用线性拟合不能很好地近似尺寸谱。初级生产力低导致底栖动物丰度较低。底拖网捕捞减少了捕食者和大型食害性动物的数量,但允许小型食害性动物增加数量。这些经验尺寸谱与尺寸谱模型的预测部分一致,表明理解底栖生物群落的结构需要同时考虑尺寸和官能团。研究结果突出表明,有必要采用生态系统方法来了解开发和气候变化对海洋生态系统的影响。
Understanding how different drivers shape relationships between abundance and body mass (size spectra) is important for understanding trophic and competitive interactions in food webs and for predicting the effects of human pressures. Here, we sample seabed communities from small polychaetes (<0.001 g) to large fish (>1 kg) in the Celtic Sea and the western English Channel to examine how bottom trawling and primary production affect their size spectra and to compare these with predictions from a model that couples predator and detritivore communities. Size spectra were not well approximated by linear fits because of truncation of the size spectra of detritivores. Low primary production resulted in lower abundance of benthic fauna. Bottom trawling reduced the abundance of predators and large detritivores but allowed small detritivores to increase in abundance. These empirical size spectra were partly consistent with predictions from the size spectra model, showing that understanding the structuring of benthic communities requires a consideration of both size and functional group. The findings highlight the need for an ecosystem approach to understanding the effects of exploitation and climate change on marine ecosystems.
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期刊:
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