The need for a cognitive neuroscience of naturalistic social cognition.
The need for a cognitive neuroscience of naturalistic social cognition.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04601.x
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发表时间：
2009-06
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Ochsner K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zaki J;Ochsner K
理解他人的思想是人类面临的最大挑战之一。因此，认知神经科学的许多工作已经探索了当感知者分享并推断社会目标的内部状态时所参与的大脑系统。然而，这些研究通常使用不同的和高度简化的刺激和方法，因此产生了很大程度上不重叠的结果，这些结果激发了关于感知者理解目标能力过程的人为限制理论。在这里，我们认为，这些困难可能源于两个主要来源：缺乏有意义的行为数据的大脑基础的感知器的实际准确性推断目标状态，和定性差异的社会刺激中使用的神经成像范例和社会信息感知器遇到的真实的世界。我们主张更多地关注自然主义社会认知的研究，这可以克服这些限制并补充当前的方法，并讨论我们实验室中已经证明这种范式的可行性和实用性的工作。最后，我们讨论了自然主义的社会认知诊断和治疗自闭症谱系障碍的相关性。总的来说，在神经成像中使用自然主义范式对于模拟大脑实际理解其他思想的方式至关重要。
Understanding the minds of others is one of the great challenges humans face. Accordingly, much work in cognitive neuroscience has explored the brain systems engaged when perceivers share and make inferences about the internal states of social targets. These studies, however, typically use divergent and highly simplified stimuli and methods, and as a consequence have produced largely non-overlapping sets of results that have motivated artificially constrained theories about the processes involved in perceivers' abilities to understand targets. Here we suggest that these difficulties may stem from two main sources: the lack of meaningful behavioral data about the brain bases of perceivers' actual accuracy in inferring target states, and qualitative differences between the social stimuli used in neuroimaging paradigms and the social information perceivers encounter in the real world. We advocate more focus on studies of naturalistic social cognition, which could overcome these limitations and complement current approaches, and discuss work in our lab that has demonstrated the feasibility and utility of such paradigms. Finally, we discuss the relevance of naturalistic social cognition to diagnosing and treating autism spectrum disorder. Overall, using naturalistic paradigms in neuroimaging will be critical to modeling the way the brain actually understands other minds.
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