Independent infections of porcine deltacoronavirus among Haitian children.
Independent infections of porcine deltacoronavirus among Haitian children.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-021-04111-z
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发表时间：
2021-12
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Morris JG Jr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lednicky JA;Tagliamonte MS;White SK;Elbadry MA;Alam MM;Stephenson CJ;Bonny TS;Loeb JC;Telisma T;Chavannes S;Ostrov DA;Mavian C;Beau De Rochars VM;Salemi M;Morris JG Jr
自2003年以来，冠状病毒已经引起了三次主要流行病，包括正在进行的SARS-CoV-2大流行。在每一种情况下，冠状病毒在我们物种中的出现都与动物宿主的人畜共患病传播有关，这强调了这些病原体是多么容易溢出并适应新物种。在冠状病毒科的四个公认属中，迄今为止报告的人类感染仅限于冠状病毒和β冠状病毒。在这里，我们确定了三个急性未分化发热性疾病的海地儿童的血浆样本中的猪三角洲冠状病毒株。基因组和进化分析表明，人类感染的结果，至少有两个独立的人畜共患病的不同的病毒谱系，获得了相同的突变签名的基因编码Nsp 15和刺突糖蛋白。特别是，结构分析预测，在穗S1亚基，其中包含受体结合结构域的变化之一，可能会影响蛋白质的灵活性和其结合到宿主细胞受体。我们的研究结果强调了进化变化和适应的可能性，导致人类感染先前公认的人类相关冠状病毒群之外的冠状病毒，特别是在可能存在密切人畜接触的环境中。在海地的三名儿童中检测到猪三角洲冠状病毒的存在，可能源于人畜共患病的溢出。
Coronaviruses have caused three major epidemics since 2003, including the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In each case, the emergence of coronavirus in our species has been associated with zoonotic transmissions from animal reservoirs, underscoring how prone such pathogens are to spill over and adapt to new species. Among the four recognized genera of the family Coronaviridae, human infections reported so far have been limited to alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses. Here we identify porcine deltacoronavirus strains in plasma samples of three Haitian children with acute undifferentiated febrile illness. Genomic and evolutionary analyses reveal that human infections were the result of at least two independent zoonoses of distinct viral lineages that acquired the same mutational signature in the genes encoding Nsp15 and the spike glycoprotein. In particular, structural analysis predicts that one of the changes in the spike S1 subunit, which contains the receptor-binding domain, may affect the flexibility of the protein and its binding to the host cell receptor. Our findings highlight the potential for evolutionary change and adaptation leading to human infections by coronaviruses outside of the previously recognized human-associated coronavirus groups, particularly in settings where there may be close human–animal contact. The presence of porcine deltacoronavirus has been detected in three children from Haiti that could have originated from zoonotic spillover.
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