Schülervorstellungen in einem inquiry-orientierten Sachunterricht verändern – Besteht ein Zusammenhang mit der Förderung adäquaten Schlussfolgerns?

Schülervorstellungen in einem inquiry-orientierten Sachunterricht verändern – Besteht ein Zusammenhang mit der Förderung adäquaten Schlussfolgerns?
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在以探究为导向的学科课程中改变学生的想法 - 与促进充分推理有联系吗?

DOI:
10.1007/s40573-020-00110-1
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Zeitschrift für Didaktik der Naturwissenschaften
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kornelia
Kornelia
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Todorova;Möller;Kornelia

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在目前的研究中,基于假设推理的能力被认为是在探究式教学的假设检验过程中成功发现不一致结果的一个重要因素,从而有助于促进学习者的认知冲突。学习者对自己的另类概念的不满被认为有助于削弱这些概念,并有助于发展一种更科学的概念。基于假设的推理与学生的替代概念之间的关系到目前为止还很少被研究。在本研究中,一项旨在促进小学科学中基于假设的推理发展的探究式教学就是在这样一个主题上进行的,那就是:一个小球是如何弹起的?(n= ,143名三年级学生)。在完全控制的条件下,进行了支持概念变化的课程,而在实验条件下,通过额外促进基于假设的推理,接受了相同的课程。在一项带有跟踪的前测-后测设计中,记录了基于假设的推理和物体弹跳行为的替代概念,目的是使用多水平分析方法调查学生关于时间的替代概念的变化,以及推理和替代概念之间的关系。此外,还考察了干预条件对替代概念发展的影响。两组的结果都显示,指导后替代概念明显减弱,这与我们的假设一致,几个月后又出现了轻微的增长。此外,通过测试条件语句来评估反驳或不相关证据的能力越高,对替代概念的验证就越低。此外,干预条件与有利于实验条件的替代概念的发展之间存在显著的交叉水平交互作用。结果表明,在科学教育中,提高推理能力可以对改变学生的观念产生积极的影响。
In current research, the ability to use hypothesis-based reasoning is treated as a relevant factor that contributes to the successful detection of inconsistent results during hypothesis testing in inquiry-based instruction and thus helps to promote cognitive conflict in the learner. The learner’s dissatisfaction with their own alternative conceptions is considered conducive to the weakening of such notions, and aides the development of a more scientifically appropriate concept. The relationship between the hypothesis-based reasoning and students’ alternative conceptions has hardly been studied so far. In the present study, an inquiry-based instruction to promote the development of hypothesis-based reasoning in primary science was conducted on the topic, “How come a ball bounces?” (N= 143 third graders). While in a control condition lessons took place to support conceptual change, an experimental condition received the same lessons with additional promotion of hypothesis-based reasoning. In a pretest-posttest design with follow-up, hypothesis-based reasoning and alternative conceptions of the bouncing behavior of objects were recorded with the goal of investigating changes in students’ alternative conceptions about time and the relation between reasoning and alternative conceptions using a multilevel-analysis approach. Additionally, the impact of the intervention condition on the development of alternative conceptions was investigated. Results for both groups reveal a significant weakening of alternative conceptions following instruction, which was consistent with our hypothesis, and a renewed slight increase after a few months. In addition, a higher ability to evaluate refuting or irrelevant evidence through the testing of conditional statements is associated with a lower validation of alternative conceptions. Besides, it exists a significant cross-level-interaction between the intervention condition and the development of alternative conceptions in favor of the experimental condition. The results suggest that promoting reasoning ability can have a positive impact on changing students’ conceptions in science education.
对生命的非科学信念的拒绝:教学和推理技能的影响。
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影响因子: 4
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使用 IBM SPSS 进行多层次和纵向建模
DOI: 10.1080/1743727x.2011.573269
发表时间: 2011
影响因子: 2
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