Short and hyperthermic torpor responses in the Malagasy bat Macronycteris commersoni reveal a broader hypometabolic scope in heterotherms

Short and hyperthermic torpor responses in the Malagasy bat Macronycteris commersoni reveal a broader hypometabolic scope in heterotherms
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马达加斯加蝙蝠的短暂和高温麻木反应揭示了异温动物更广泛的低代谢范围

DOI:
10.1007/s00360-018-1171-4
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
Journal of Comparative Physiology B
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Dausmann KH
Dausmann KH
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Reher S;Ehlers J;Rabarison H ;Dausmann KH

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动物物种的能量预算与其生态密切相关,平衡能量消耗与能量获取是生存的关键。动物环境的变化可能具有挑战性,特别是对于蝙蝠来说,它们是小型吸热动物,具有大的不绝缘的飞行膜。异温是一种用于应对不断变化的环境条件的强大反应。最近的研究表明,许多热带和亚热带物种是异温动物,其表现出的麻木模式与温带和北极地区的“经典”异温动物不同。然而,只有少数研究调查蝙蝠在自然环境中的麻木状态。因此,我们调查了马达加斯加蝙蝠Macronycteris commersonientients是否在马达加斯加最干燥和最不可预测的地区处于麻木状态。我们研究了 M 的能量平衡和热生物学。通过将代谢率 (MR) 和皮肤温度 (Tskin) 测量值与旱季和雨季的当地环境特征联系起来,在该领域进行商业性研究。Macronycteris 商业化了麻木状态,并表现出麻木模式的极大变化,包括令人惊讶的短暂麻木发作,平均持续 20 分钟,被 MR 峰值打断。即使当 Tskin 超过正常体温 (41 °C) 时,迟钝 MR 也非常低 (0.13 ml O2h−1g−1)。 因此,Macronycteris commersoniis 在生理上能够 (1) 在高环境温度下进入迟钝状态,并且 Tskin 和 (2) 在迟钝和常温 MR 之间快速交替,从而导致非常短的发作。这表明异温动物代谢低下的范围比之前假设的更广泛,并强调了进一步研究麻木连续体的重要性。
The energy budgets of animal species are closely linked to their ecology, and balancing energy expenditure with energy acquisition is key for survival. Changes in animals’ environments can be challenging, particularly for bats, which are small endotherms with large uninsulated flight membranes. Heterothermy is a powerful response used to cope with changing environmental conditions. Recent research has revealed that many tropical and subtropical species are heterothermic and display torpor with patterns unlike those of “classical” heterotherms from temperate and arctic regions. However, only a handful of studies investigating torpor in bats in their natural environment exist. Therefore, we investigated whether the Malagasy batMacronycteris commersonienters torpor in the driest and least predictable region in Madagascar. We examined the energy balance and thermal biology ofM. commersoniin the field by relating metabolic rate (MR) and skin temperature (Tskin) measurements to local environmental characteristics in the dry and rainy seasons.Macronycteris commersonientered torpor and showed extreme variability in torpor patterns, including surprisingly short torpor bouts, lasting on average 20 min, interrupted by MR peaks. Torpid MR was remarkably low (0.13 ml O2h−1g−1), even whenTskinexceeded that of normothermia (41 °C).Macronycteris commersoniis thus physiologically capable of (1) entering torpor at high ambient temperature andTskinand (2) rapidly alternating between torpid and normothermic MR resulting in very short bouts. This suggests that the scope of hypometabolism amongst heterothermic animals is broader than previously assumed and underlines the importance of further investigation into the torpor continuum.
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