Orthopoxvirus genome evolution: the role of gene loss.
Orthopoxvirus genome evolution: the role of gene loss.
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DOI：
10.3390/v2091933
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发表时间：
2010-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lefkowitz EJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hendrickson RC;Wang C;Hatcher EL;Lefkowitz EJ
痘病毒是非常成功的病原体，已知可感染多种宿主。痘病毒科包括天花病毒，天花的病原体，已被根除作为公共卫生威胁，但可能重新出现作为生物恐怖主义威胁。风险情景包括其他动物痘病毒和痘病毒的基因工程操作。正向同源基因组的研究已经建立了痘病毒科成员的进化关系。然而，目前尚不清楚家族成员之间的变异在过去是如何产生的，这是了解这些病毒如何变化并可能产生未来威胁的一个重要问题。使用新开发的痘病毒特异性工具，我们预测了正痘病毒属中具有完全测序基因组的病毒的准确基因集。采用灵敏的序列比较技术，结合同线基因图谱的比较，我们建立了所有病毒基因组之间的关系。这些技术使我们能够明确地确定在正痘病毒进化过程中发生的基因丢失/获得事件。很明显，对于所有现有的正痘病毒物种，没有个别物种获得了该物种特有的蛋白质编码基因。所有现存的物种都含有牛痘病毒成员中存在的基因，牛痘病毒株含有任何其他正痘病毒株中存在的所有基因。这些结果支持了还原进化理论，即假定的祖先病毒的核心基因组大小的减少在物种形成和将任何新出现的病毒物种限制在特定的环境（宿主或组织）生态位中发挥了关键作用。
Poxviruses are highly successful pathogens, known to infect a variety of hosts. The family Poxviridae includes Variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox, which has been eradicated as a public health threat but could potentially reemerge as a bioterrorist threat. The risk scenario includes other animal poxviruses and genetically engineered manipulations of poxviruses. Studies of orthologous gene sets have established the evolutionary relationships of members within the Poxviridae family. It is not clear, however, how variations between family members arose in the past, an important issue in understanding how these viruses may vary and possibly produce future threats. Using a newly developed poxvirus-specific tool, we predicted accurate gene sets for viruses with completely sequenced genomes in the genus Orthopoxvirus. Employing sensitive sequence comparison techniques together with comparison of syntenic gene maps, we established the relationships between all viral gene sets. These techniques allowed us to unambiguously identify the gene loss/gain events that have occurred over the course of orthopoxvirus evolution. It is clear that for all existing Orthopoxvirus species, no individual species has acquired protein-coding genes unique to that species. All existing species contain genes that are all present in members of the species Cowpox virus and that cowpox virus strains contain every gene present in any other orthopoxvirus strain. These results support a theory of reductive evolution in which the reduction in size of the core gene set of a putative ancestral virus played a critical role in speciation and confining any newly emerging virus species to a particular environmental (host or tissue) niche.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Baxevanis, Andreas D
通讯作者：
Baxevanis, Andreas D
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Afonso, CL;Tulman, ER;Rock, DL
通讯作者：
Rock, DL
影响因子：
10.3
作者：
Clark, C;McIntyre, PG;Lewis-Jones, S
通讯作者：
Lewis-Jones, S
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0711573105
发表时间：
2008-02-12
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Assarsson, Erika;Greenbaum, Jason A.;Sette, Alessandro
通讯作者：
Sette, Alessandro
影响因子：
7
作者：
Bray, N;Pachter, L
通讯作者：
Pachter, L