Bovine and human becomings in histories of dairy technologies: robotic milking systems and remaking animal and human subjectivity
Bovine and human becomings in histories of dairy technologies: robotic milking systems and remaking animal and human subjectivity
复制标题
乳制品技术史上的牛和人类的演变：机器人挤奶系统和重塑动物和人类的主体性
作者：
HOLLOWAY L
本文将最近出现的机器人或自动挤奶系统 (AMS) 与围绕英国和其他地方悠久的挤奶技术历史的讨论联系起来。挤奶的机械化伴随着一系列的希望和焦虑，这些希望和焦虑渗透到从手工挤奶到日益自动化的挤奶形式的转变中。这种转变影响了奶牛场中人与奶牛之间的关系，产生了不同的奶牛与人类代理模式和主观性模式。在本文中，我们利用探索 AMS 在当代农场中使用的研究项目的经验证据，研究了有关 AMS 的益处（或其他方面）的持续争论如何与围绕挤奶技术的历史出现及其对高效农业和人类和牛的牛奶生产经验的影响的长期话语潮流相关。我们说明了技术变革如何在一定程度上基于对人和奶牛的理解，同时牛和人类的能动性和主观性随着新兴的挤奶技术而被吸收和重新配置，因此随着技术的变化，奶牛或人类的身份变得不同。我们说明了这是如何从理解奶牛的相互竞争的方式中产生的：作为积极的代理人，作为对技术设计的贡献，作为“自由”，作为“负责任”和/或需要监视和纪律，以及作为高效的共同生产者，利用挤奶技术，牛奶。
This paper positions the recent emergence of robotic or automatic milking systems (AMS) in relation to discourses surrounding the longer history of milking technologies in the UK and elsewhere. The mechanization of milking has been associated with sets of hopes and anxieties which permeated the transition from hand to increasingly automated forms of milking. This transition has affected the relationships between humans and cows on dairy farms, producing different modes of cow and human agency and subjectivity. In this paper, drawing on empirical evidence from a research project exploring AMS use in contemporary farms, we examine how ongoing debates about the benefits (or otherwise) of AMS relate to longer-term discursive currents surrounding the historical emergence of milking technologies and their implications for efficient farming and the human and bovine experience of milk production. We illustrate how technological change is in part based on understandings of people and cows, at the same time as bovine and human agency and subjectivity are entrained and reconfigured in relation to emerging milking technologies, so that what it is to be a cow or human becomes different as technologies change. We illustrate how this results from – and in – competing ways of understanding cows: as active agents, as contributing to technological design, as ‘free’, as ‘responsible’ and/or requiring surveillance and discipline, and as efficient co-producers, with milking technologies, of milk.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
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期刊：
影响因子：
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DOI：
10.1068/a32138
发表时间：
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期刊：
Environment and Planning A
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