Standing genetic variation and chromosome differences drove rapid ecotype formation in a major malaria mosquito.
Standing genetic variation and chromosome differences drove rapid ecotype formation in a major malaria mosquito.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2219835120
复制
发表时间：
2023-03-14
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Besansky, Nora J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Small, Scott T.;Costantini, Carlo;Sagnon, N'Fale;Guelbeogo, Moussa W.;Emrich, Scott J.;Kern, Andrew D.;Fontaine, Michael C.;Besansky, Nora J.
对异质环境的局部适应是普遍存在的，但其潜在的遗传基础尚未完全了解。在非洲一个主要的疟疾媒介中，安。Funestus是两个染色体分化的群体，它们是共定位的，形态上难以区分，据报道在与疟疾传播和控制相关的生态和行为方面都存在差异。由于缺乏现代基因组资源，在了解病媒多样化的遗传基础和环境决定因素方面的进展受到阻碍。在这里，我们对来自这些群体的个体进行了深度全基因组测序，确定它们以一种与最近与开发新的人为幼虫栖息地相关的生态型形成一致的方式在基因组范围内分化。长期存在的遗传变异，包括进化上古老的染色体重排，促进了疟疾媒介的快速多样化。分布在异质环境中的物种通常会进化出局部适应的生态型，但面对基因流，对其形成和维持的遗传机制的理解尚不完整。在布基纳法索，非洲主要的疟疾蚊子funestus按蚊包括两种严格同属的、形态上难以区分的、但据报道在生态和行为上不同的核典型分化形式。然而，关于An的遗传基础和环境决定因素的知识。缺乏现代基因组资源阻碍了Funestus的多样化。在这里，我们应用了深度全基因组测序和分析来验证这两种形式的生态类型在自然沼泽和灌溉稻田中繁殖的差异。尽管存在广泛的微共感、同步性和持续的杂交，但我们证明了全基因组的分化。人口统计学上的推断只支持大约1300年前的分裂，紧随1850年前非洲驯化水稻种植的大规模扩张。分化程度最高的区域（集中在染色体倒位）在谱系分裂过程中受到了选择，与局部适应一致。几乎所有与适应有关的变异（包括染色体倒位）的起源，基本上早于生态型分裂，这表明快速适应主要是由持续的遗传变异推动的。反转频率的显著差异可能通过抑制两个生态型相反染色体方向之间的重组促进了生态型之间的适应性分化，而在结构单一的水稻生态型中允许自由重组。我们的研究结果与来自不同分类群的越来越多的证据一致，即快速的生态多样化可能源于进化上古老的结构遗传变异，这些遗传变异可以修改遗传重组。
Local adaptation to heterogeneous environments is pervasive, but its underlying genetic basis is incompletely understood. Within a major African malaria vector, An. funestus, are two chromosomally differentiated groups that are colocalized, morphologically indistinguishable, and reported to differ both in ecology and behavior relevant to malaria transmission and control. Progress in understanding the genetic basis and environmental determinants of vector diversification was impeded by the lack of modern genomic resources. Here, we perform deep whole-genome sequencing on individuals from these groups, establishing that they are differentiated genome wide in a manner consistent with recent ecotype formation associated with the exploitation of a new anthropogenic larval habitat. Such rapid malaria vector diversification was facilitated by standing genetic variation, including evolutionarily old chromosomal rearrangements. Species distributed across heterogeneous environments often evolve locally adapted ecotypes, but understanding of the genetic mechanisms involved in their formation and maintenance in the face of gene flow is incomplete. In Burkina Faso, the major African malaria mosquito Anopheles funestus comprises two strictly sympatric and morphologically indistinguishable yet karyotypically differentiated forms reported to differ in ecology and behavior. However, knowledge of the genetic basis and environmental determinants of An. funestus diversification was impeded by lack of modern genomic resources. Here, we applied deep whole-genome sequencing and analysis to test the hypothesis that these two forms are ecotypes differentially adapted to breeding in natural swamps versus irrigated rice fields. We demonstrate genome-wide differentiation despite extensive microsympatry, synchronicity, and ongoing hybridization. Demographic inference supports a split only ~1,300 y ago, closely following the massive expansion of domesticated African rice cultivation ~1,850 y ago. Regions of highest divergence, concentrated in chromosomal inversions, were under selection during lineage splitting, consistent with local adaptation. The origin of nearly all variations implicated in adaptation, including chromosomal inversions, substantially predates the ecotype split, suggesting that rapid adaptation was fueled mainly by standing genetic variation. Sharp inversion frequency differences likely facilitated adaptive divergence between ecotypes by suppressing recombination between opposing chromosomal orientations of the two ecotypes, while permitting free recombination within the structurally monomorphic rice ecotype. Our results align with growing evidence from diverse taxa that rapid ecological diversification can arise from evolutionarily old structural genetic variants that modify genetic recombination.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Cabreros, Irineo;Storey, John D.
通讯作者：
Storey, John D.
DOI：
10.1111/evo.13176
发表时间：
2017-03
期刊：
Evolution; international journal of organic evolution
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ayala D;Acevedo P;Pombi M;Dia I;Boccolini D;Costantini C;Simard F;Fontenille D
通讯作者：
Fontenille D
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Cohuet, A;Dia, I;Fontenille, D
通讯作者：
Fontenille, D
DOI：
10.1126/science.1258524
发表时间：
2015-01-02
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fontaine MC;Pease JB;Steele A;Waterhouse RM;Neafsey DE;Sharakhov IV;Jiang X;Hall AB;Catteruccia F;Kakani E;Mitchell SN;Wu YC;Smith HA;Love RR;Lawniczak MK;Slotman MA;Emrich SJ;Hahn MW;Besansky NJ
通讯作者：
Besansky NJ
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Dia, I;Lochouarn, L;Fontenille, D
通讯作者：
Fontenille, D