Natural genetic variation as a tool for discovery in Caenorhabditis nematodes.

Natural genetic variation as a tool for discovery in Caenorhabditis nematodes.
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DOI:
10.1093/genetics/iyab156
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发表时间:
2022-01-04
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Rockman MV
Rockman MV
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Andersen EC;Rockman MV

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在过去的20年里,秀丽隐杆线虫自然多样性的研究已经证明了定量遗传方法的力量,揭示了形成性状的进化,生态和遗传因素。这些研究补充了实验室适应菌株N2的使用,并实现了仅使用一种遗传背景不可能实现的额外发现。在这一章中,我们描述了如何在小杆线虫中进行定量遗传研究,重点是C。优雅这些方法利用遗传多样性个体群体中基因型和表型之间的相关性来发现表型变异的遗传原因。我们提出的方法,使用连锁,近等基因系,协会,和批量分离作图,我们描述了每种方法的优点和缺点。C.线虫的定量遗传作图最好地表现在将表型差异与特定基因和变体联系起来的能力上。我们将介绍将基因组区域缩小到候选基因的方法,然后进行测试以识别参与数量性状的基因或变体。同样的功能,使C。线虫作为一种杰出的实验模式动物,其作为理解自然表型变异的工具的特殊价值。
Over the last 20 years, studies of Caenorhabditis elegans natural diversity have demonstrated the power of quantitative genetic approaches to reveal the evolutionary, ecological, and genetic factors that shape traits. These studies complement the use of the laboratory-adapted strain N2 and enable additional discoveries not possible using only one genetic background. In this chapter, we describe how to perform quantitative genetic studies in Caenorhabditis, with an emphasis on C. elegans. These approaches use correlations between genotype and phenotype across populations of genetically diverse individuals to discover the genetic causes of phenotypic variation. We present methods that use linkage, near-isogenic lines, association, and bulk-segregant mapping, and we describe the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. The power of C. elegans quantitative genetic mapping is best shown in the ability to connect phenotypic differences to specific genes and variants. We will present methods to narrow genomic regions to candidate genes and then tests to identify the gene or variant involved in a quantitative trait. The same features that make C. elegans a preeminent experimental model animal contribute to its exceptional value as a tool to understand natural phenotypic variation.
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