Effort–Reward Imbalance, Overcommitment, and Measures of Cortisol and Blood Pressure Over the Working Day
Effort–Reward Imbalance, Overcommitment, and Measures of Cortisol and Blood Pressure Over the Working Day
复制标题
工作日的努力-回报不平衡、过度投入以及皮质醇和血压的测量
DOI：
10.1097/01.psy.0000126198.67070.72
复制
发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
M. Marmot
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Steptoe;J. Siegrist;C. Kirschbaum;M. Marmot
目的：利用工作日测量方法评估努力-回报失衡与工作过度投入的生物学相关性。方法：参与者是197名年龄在45至59岁之间的男性和女性，从白厅II流行病学队列中招募。在清醒时、30分钟后以及8：00至22：00每隔2小时对唾液皮质醇进行采样。每20分钟测量一次血压，采用动态方法。用标准问卷对努力-回报不平衡和对工作的过度投入进行了评估。结果如下：在调整了年龄、社会经济地位、吸烟、醒来时间和工作要求后，高、低过度承诺组的清醒和30分钟之间的平均增加量分别为14.5和4.2 nmol/l。8个样本在工作日的平均皮质醇也与男性的过度承诺有关，高和低过度承诺组之间的平均差异为22%。在调整年龄、吸烟、体重指数、体力活动和工作控制后，过度承诺预测了男性一天中的收缩压，高和低过度承诺组的调整平均值分别为132.2和125.8 mm Hg。男性的过度承诺、社会经济地位和一天中的时间之间存在显著的相互作用（p = 0.016），因为收缩压在地位较低的过度承诺男性中较高，并且在一天中上升。无论是努力-回报的不平衡还是过度承诺都不能预测女性的生物反应。结论：慢性神经内分泌和心血管激活可能部分介导过度工作对男性心血管疾病风险的影响。
Objective: To assess the biological correlates of effort–reward imbalance and overcommitment to work using measurements over the working day. Methods: Participants were 197 working men and women aged 45 to 59 years, recruited from the Whitehall II epidemiological cohort. Salivary cortisol was sampled on waking, 30 minutes later, and then at 2-hour intervals from 8:00 hours to 22:00 hours. Blood pressure was measured every 20 minutes using ambulatory methods. Effort–reward imbalance and overcommitment to work were assessed with standard questionnaires. Results: Cortisol responses to waking were positively associated with overcommitment in men, with mean increases between waking and 30 minutes of 14.5 and 4.2 nmol/l in high and low overcommitment groups, after adjustment for age, socioeconomic position, smoking, time of waking up, and job demands. Cortisol averaged from 8 samples over the working day was also related to overcommitment in men, with an average difference of 22% between high and lower overcommitment groups. Overcommitment predicted systolic blood pressure over the day in men after adjustment for age, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, and job control, with adjusted means of 132.2 and 125.8 mm Hg in high and low overcommitment groups. There was a significant interaction between overcommitment, socioeconomic position, and time of day in men (p = .016), because systolic pressure was higher in lower status overcommitted men, and rose over the day. Neither effort–reward imbalance nor overcommitment predicted biological responses in women. Conclusions: Chronic neuroendocrine and cardiovascular activation may mediate in part the impact of overcommitment to work on cardiovascular disease risk in men.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Stansfeld, SA;Fuhrer, R;Marmot, MG
通讯作者：
Marmot, MG
影响因子：
8.3
作者：
K. Kario;T. Pickering;J. Schwartz
通讯作者：
K. Kario;T. Pickering;J. Schwartz
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Siegrist, J;Starke, S;Peter, R
通讯作者：
Peter, R
影响因子：
20.8
作者：
SCHNALL, PL;LANDSBERGIS, PA;BAKER, D
通讯作者：
BAKER, D