Going beyond the Debye Length: Overcoming Charge Screening Limitations in Next-Generation Bioelectronic Sensors.

Going beyond the Debye Length: Overcoming Charge Screening Limitations in Next-Generation Bioelectronic Sensors.
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超越德拜长度:克服下一代生物电子传感器中的电荷屏蔽限制。

DOI:
10.1021/acsnano.0c08622
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发表时间:
2020-12-22
期刊:
影响因子:
17.1
通讯作者:
Soh HT
Soh HT
中科院分区:
材料科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kesler V;Murmann B;Soh HT

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电子生物传感器是一个自然适合现场部署的诊断设备,因为它们可以小型化,大规模生产,并与电路集成。不幸的是,这种平台的开发进展受到生物样品中存在的移动的离子屏蔽来自目标分子的电荷的事实的阻碍,大大降低了传感器灵敏度。在生理条件下,所产生的双电层的厚度小于1 nm,并且通常认为,超过该距离的电子检测实际上是不可能的。然而,最近描述的一些传感器设计策略似乎违背了这一传统智慧,以传统模型无法捕捉的方式利用双电层的物理特性。在第一种策略中,通过限制双层可以形成的空间来减少电荷屏蔽。第二种策略使用外部刺激来防止双电层达到平衡,从而有效地减少电荷屏蔽。在这个角度来看,我们描述了这些相对较新的概念,并提供理论上的见解机制,可能使电子生物传感超过德拜长度。如果这些概念可以进一步发展并转化为实用的电子生物传感器,我们预见下一代诊断技术将有令人兴奋的机会。
Electronic biosensors are a natural fit for field-deployable diagnostic devices because they can be miniaturized, mass produced, and integrated with circuitry. Unfortunately, progress in the development of such platforms has been hindered by the fact that mobile ions present in biological samples screen charges from the target molecule, greatly reducing sensor sensitivity. Under physiological conditions, the thickness of the resulting electric double layer is less than 1 nm, and it has generally been assumed that electronic detection beyond this distance is virtually impossible. However, a few recently described sensor design strategies seem to defy this conventional wisdom, exploiting the physics of electrical double layers in ways that traditional models do not capture. In the first strategy, charge screening is decreased by constraining the space in which double layers can form. The second strategy uses external stimuli to prevent double layers from reaching equilibrium, thereby effectively reducing charge screening. In this Perspective, we describe these relatively new concepts and offer theoretical insights into mechanisms that may enable electronic biosensing beyond the Debye length. If these concepts can be further developed and translated into practical electronic biosensors, we foresee exciting opportunities for the next generation of diagnostic technologies.
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