The R-spondin/Lgr5/Rnf43 module: regulator of Wnt signal strength.

The R-spondin/Lgr5/Rnf43 module: regulator of Wnt signal strength.
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DOI:
10.1101/gad.235473.113
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发表时间:
2014-02-15
影响因子:
10.5
通讯作者:
Clevers H
Clevers H
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
de Lau W;Peng WC;Gros P;Clevers H

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成体干细胞由强大的Wnt激动剂、拮抗剂和抗拮抗剂复杂地相互作用控制。这是De Lau等人的评论。重点介绍了最近发现的三个蛋白质家族之间复杂的物理和功能相互作用,这些蛋白质家族通过调节Wnt受体的表面表达来控制干细胞的活性:Lgr5及其同系物,E3连接酶RNF43和Znrf3,以及分泌的R-Respondin配体。Lgr5最初是在成人肠隐窝和结肠癌中发现的一种常见的Wnt靶基因。随后,它被确认为多种Wnt驱动的成体干细胞类型的精致标记物。LGR5及其同系物LGR4和LGR6是R-Spinins、有效的Wnt信号增强剂和干细胞生长因子的受体。Lgr5/R-Respondin复合体通过中和RNF43和Znrf3来发挥作用,这两种跨膜E3连接酶可以从干细胞表面移除Wnt受体。RNF43/Znrf3本身是由WNT靶基因编码的,并构成一个负的WNT反馈环。因此,成体干细胞受到强大的Wnt激动剂、拮抗剂和抗拮抗剂的复杂相互作用的控制。
Adult stem cells are controlled by an intricate interplay of potent Wnt agonists, antagonists, and anti-antagonists. This review by de Lau et al. focuses on the complex physical and functional interactions of three recently discovered protein families that control stem cell activity by regulating surface expression of Wnt receptors: Lgr5 and its homologs, the E3 ligases Rnf43 and Znrf3, and the secreted R-spondin ligands. Lgr5 was originally discovered as a common Wnt target gene in adult intestinal crypts and colon cancer. It was subsequently identified as an exquisite marker of multiple Wnt-driven adult stem cell types. Lgr5 and its homologs, Lgr4 and Lgr6, constitute the receptors for R-spondins, potent Wnt signal enhancers and stem cell growth factors. The Lgr5/R-spondin complex acts by neutralizing Rnf43 and Znrf3, two transmembrane E3 ligases that remove Wnt receptors from the stem cell surface. Rnf43/Znrf3 are themselves encoded by Wnt target genes and constitute a negative Wnt feedback loop. Thus, adult stem cells are controlled by an intricate interplay of potent Wnt agonists, antagonists, and anti-antagonists.
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