Computationally Guided Discovery of Axis-Dependent Conduction Polarity in NaSnAs Crystals

Computationally Guided Discovery of Axis-Dependent Conduction Polarity in NaSnAs Crystals
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计算引导发现 NaSnAs 晶体中轴相关的传导极性

DOI:
10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04030
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
8.6
通讯作者:
Toberer, Eric S.
Toberer, Eric S.
中科院分区:
材料科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ochs, Andrew M.;Gorai, Prashun;Wang, Yaxian;Scudder, Michael R.;Koster, Karl;Moore, Curtis E.;Stevanovic, Vladan;Heremans, Joseph P.;Windl, Wolfgang;Toberer, Eric S.

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大多数电子材料沿沿着所有晶体学方向表现出单一主导电荷载流子类型,空穴或电子。然而,有少数化合物,主要是金属,沿沿着不同的结晶方向同时表现出p型和n型导电行为。我们表明,实验发现的半导体与此轴依赖的导电极性可以通过识别一个大的各向异性的电子或空穴的有效质量(m*)或两者,提供电子和空穴质量占主导地位的沿着不同的结晶方向。我们计算出层状半导体NaSnAs具有比交叉平面低的面内电子m * 和非常大的面内空穴m * 和小的交叉平面空穴m *。我们建立了通过Sn助熔剂生长>3 mm尺寸的NaSnAs晶体,并确认带隙为0.65 eV,与理论一致。NaSnAs表现出p型热电势跨平面和n型热电势在平面内,确认在带边缘的有效质量的大的各向异性是一个很好的指标轴依赖的导电极性。总的来说,这项工作表明,通过计算评估能带边缘的各向异性曲率,可以加速发现具有这种现象的半导体,为它们未来的发现和应用铺平道路。
Most electronic materials exhibit a single dominant charge carrier type, either holes or electrons, along all crystallographic directions. However, there are a small number of compounds, mostly metals, that exhibit simultaneous p-type and n-type conduction behavior along different crystallographic directions. We demonstrate that the experimental discovery of semiconductors with this axis-dependent conduction polarity can be facilitated by identifying a large anisotropy of either the electron or hole effective masses (m*) or both, providing the electron and hole masses dominate along different crystallographic directions. We calculated the layered semiconductor NaSnAs to have a lower electronm* in-plane than the cross-plane and a very large holem* in-plane and small holem* cross-plane. We established the growth of >3 mm-sized NaSnAs crystals via Sn flux and confirmed the band gap to be 0.65 eV, in agreement with theory. NaSnAs exhibits p-type thermopowers cross-plane and n-type thermopowers in-plane, confirming that the large anisotropy in the effective mass at the band edges is an excellent indicator for axis-dependent conduction polarity. Overall, this work shows that the discovery of semiconductors with such a phenomenon can be accelerated by computationally evaluating the anisotropic curvatures of the band edges, paving the way for their future discovery and application.
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