Priorities for social science and humanities research on the challenges of moving beyond animal-based food systems
Priorities for social science and humanities research on the challenges of moving beyond animal-based food systems
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社会科学和人文学科研究的重点是超越动物性食品系统的挑战
DOI：
10.1057/s41599-021-00714-z
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Morris C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morris C
目前正在对过度生产和消费动物食品所带来的社会环境挑战进行日益高调的研究。改变粮食系统以缓解气候变化和隐藏的饥饿，确保粮食安全和良好的健康，所有这些都表明，减少动物性食品是一个关键杠杆。超越以动物为基础的食物系统是一项重大的社会挑战，需要社会科学和人文科学进行协调的国际研究。在旨在应对社会重大挑战的多学科研究计划中，人们观察到了对这一范围的学科的“选择性开放”，这些挑战包括那些与食品系统的可持续性有关的挑战，抑制了社会科学和人文学科的影响。此外，这些学科中关于动物性食品的现有研究在很大程度上分散在食品系统的特定部分。受‘萨瑟兰方法’的启发，本文讨论了一个迭代的研究优先排序过程的结果，该过程旨在增强欧洲社会科学和人文科学研究人员的能力、相互理解和影响。这一过程从最初的100个清单中产生了15个研究问题，并归类为以下五个主题：(1)辩论和展望动物的食物；(2)改造农业空间；(3)将动物定义为食物；(4)饮食习惯和特性；(5)管理动物食物系统以外的过渡。这些主题提供了在研究问题之间建立联系的重要手段，这些问题邀请并指导对超越动物性食物系统的关键挑战的研究。这些主题还为未来的跨学科研究计划提出了地点，这些计划将与来自自然科学、社会科学和人文科学的研究人员以及学术界以外的利益攸关方一起制定合作研究和实施倡议。从优先排序过程中获得的经验提请注意，花时间讨论和协作引导研究查询进入紧急和有争议的关切事项的价值。围绕继续或完全停止使用动物作为食物的根本伦理问题是一个关键的紧张局势。研究对这些问题的定位不仅影响到研究领域的框架，而且还影响到可以与之开展研究的伙伴以及研究可能对谁有益。
Increasingly high-profile research is being undertaken into the socio-environmental challenges associated with the over-production and consumption of food from animals. Transforming food systems to mitigate climate change and hidden hunger, ensure food security and good health all point to reducing animal-based foods as a key lever. Moving beyond animal-based food systems is a societal grand challenge requiring coordinated international research by the social sciences and humanities. A ‘selective openness’ to this range of disciplines has been observed within multi-discipline research programmes designed to address societal grand challenges including those concerned with the sustainability of food systems, inhibiting the impact of social sciences and humanities. Further, existing research on animal-based foods within these disciplines is largely dispersed and focused on particular parts of food systems. Inspired by the ‘Sutherland Method’ this paper discusses the results of an iterative research prioritisation process carried out to enhance capacity, mutual understanding and impact amongst European social sciences and humanities researchers. The process produced 15 research questions from an initial list of 100 and classified under the following five themes: (1) debating and visioning food from animals; (2) transforming agricultural spaces; (3) framing animals as food; (4) eating practices and identities; and (5) governing transitions beyond animal-based food systems. These themes provide an important means of making connections between research questions that invite and steer research on key challenges in moving beyond animal-based food systems. The themes also propose loci for future transdisciplinary research programmes that join researchers from the natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities and stakeholders from beyond academia to develop cooperative research and implementation initiatives. The experiences gained from the prioritisation process draw attention to the value of spending time to discuss and collaboratively steer research enquiry into emergent and controversial matters of concern. Fundamental, ethical questions around the continuation or complete cessation of the use of animals for food was a key tension. The positioning of research towards these questions affects not only the framing of the research area but also the partners with whom the research can be carried out and for whom it may be of benefit.
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