Arctic rain on snow events: bridging observations to understand environmental and livelihood impacts
Arctic rain on snow events: bridging observations to understand environmental and livelihood impacts
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北极雨雪事件：通过观察了解环境和生计影响
DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/ac269b
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Rasmus, Sirpa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Serreze, Mark C;Gustafson, Julia;Barrett, Andrew P;Druckenmiller, Matthew L;Fox, Shari;Voveris, Jessica;Stroeve, Julienne;Sheffield, Betsy;Forbes, Bruce C;Rasmus, Sirpa
当雨水落在已有的积雪上，伴随着低温，或以冻雨的形式落下时，它会留下坚硬的外壳。这些北极雨雪（ROS）事件可以深刻地影响环境，进而影响人类的生计。影响可以是直接的（例如对人类旅行、放牧或收获的影响），也可以是进化的或累积的，例如，导致驯鹿、北美驯鹿和麝牛因饥饿而大量死亡。我们在此综述和综合了北极活性氧事件及其影响，解决了人与环境的关系，与活性氧事件相关的气象条件，以及它们的检测挑战。根据我们对科学状况的评估，我们得出结论：(a)可以通过结合卫星遥感、大气再分析和气象站记录的数据来系统地探测ROS事件、其强度和整个北极地区的趋势；(b)获取与影响最相关的知识和信息，如冰层的厚度、积雪中冰层的形成方式以及可能扩大影响的先决条件，需要与社区成员和土著知识拥有者进行协作和知识联合生产。
When rain falls on an existing cover of snow, followed by low temperatures, or falls as freezing rain, it can leave a hard crust. These Arctic rain on snow (ROS) events can profoundly influence the environment and in turn, human livelihoods. Impacts can be immediate (eg on human travel, herding, or harvesting) or evolve or accumulate, leading to massive starvation-induced die-offs of reindeer, caribou, and musk oxen, for example. We provide here a review and synthesis of Arctic ROS events and their impacts, addressing human-environment relationships, meteorological conditions associated with ROS events, and challenges in their detection. From our assessment of the state of the science, we conclude that while (a) systematic detection of ROS events, their intensity, and trends across the Arctic region can be approached by combining data from satellite remote sensing, atmospheric reanalyses, and meteorological station records;(b) obtaining knowledge and information most germane to impacts, such as the thickness of ice layers, how ice layers form within a snowpack, and antecedent conditions that can amplify impacts, necessitates collaboration and knowledge co-production with community members and indigenous knowledge-holders.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Barrett, Andrew P.;Stroeve, Julienne C.;Serreze, Mark C.
通讯作者：
Serreze, Mark C.
一些北方猫头鹰物种的活动范围扩展：对积雪、冰壳和气候变化的评论
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research
影响因子：
--
作者：
I. Mysterud
通讯作者：
I. Mysterud
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Dagrun Vikhamar;Inger Hanssen;T. Schuler;Svein D. Mathiesen;M. Lehning
通讯作者：
M. Lehning
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
A. Crawford;K. Alley;A. Cooke;M. Serreze
通讯作者：
A. Crawford;K. Alley;A. Cooke;M. Serreze
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Guan, Bin;Waliser, Duane E.;Neiman, Paul J.
通讯作者：
Neiman, Paul J.