MiR-221/222 target the DNA methyltransferase MGMT in glioma cells.

MiR-221/222 target the DNA methyltransferase MGMT in glioma cells.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0074466
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Condorelli G
Condorelli G
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Quintavalle C;Mangani D;Roscigno G;Romano G;Diaz-Lagares A;Iaboni M;Donnarumma E;Fiore D;De Marinis P;Soini Y;Esteller M;Condorelli G

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多形性胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是最致命的癌症类型之一。迄今为止,最佳的临床治疗方法是替莫唑胺 (TMZ) 联合放射治疗。大量证据表明,细胞内烷基化酶 O6-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA 甲基转移酶 (MGMT) 的水平影响 GBM 患者对 TMZ 的反应。 MGMT 表达受其启动子甲基化的调节。然而,有证据表明这并不是唯一的监管机制。在这里,我们描述了迄今为止未知的 microRNA 介导的 MGMT 表达调节机制。我们发现 miR-221 和 miR-222 在 GMB 患者中上调,并且这些旁系同源物靶向 MGMT mRNA,诱导更大的 TMZ 介导的细胞死亡。然而,miR-221/miR-222 也会增加 DNA 损伤,从而增加染色体重排。事实上,神经胶质瘤细胞中 miR-221 的过度表达导致 DNA 损伤标记物的增加,这种效应可以通过 MGMT 的重新表达来挽救。因此,慢性 miR-221/222 介导的 MGMT 下调可能使细胞无法修复遗传损伤。这也与 miR-221/222 致癌潜力相关,可能导致 GBM 预后不良。
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most deadly types of cancer. To date, the best clinical approach for treatment is based on administration of temozolomide (TMZ) in combination with radiotherapy. Much evidence suggests that the intracellular level of the alkylating enzyme O6-methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) impacts response to TMZ in GBM patients. MGMT expression is regulated by the methylation of its promoter. However, evidence indicates that this is not the only regulatory mechanism present. Here, we describe a hitherto unknown microRNA-mediated mechanism of MGMT expression regulation. We show that miR-221 and miR-222 are upregulated in GMB patients and that these paralogues target MGMT mRNA, inducing greater TMZ-mediated cell death. However, miR-221/miR-222 also increase DNA damage and, thus, chromosomal rearrangements. Indeed, miR-221 overexpression in glioma cells led to an increase in markers of DNA damage, an effect rescued by re-expression of MGMT. Thus, chronic miR-221/222-mediated MGMT downregulation may render cells unable to repair genetic damage. This, associated also to miR-221/222 oncogenic potential, may poor GBM prognosis.
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