Making a good egg: human oocyte health, aging, and in vitro development.

Making a good egg: human oocyte health, aging, and in vitro development.
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DOI:
10.1152/physrev.00032.2022
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发表时间:
2023-10-01
影响因子:
33.6
通讯作者:
Anderson, Richard A.
Anderson, Richard A.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Telfer, Evelyn E.;Grosbois, Johanne;Odey, Yvonne L.;Rosario, Roseanne;Anderson, Richard A.

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哺乳动物的卵(卵母细胞)在胎儿生命期间形成,并与体细胞建立联系,形成原始卵泡,从而产生生殖细胞的储存(原始池)。该池的大小受到生殖细胞形成过程中关键事件以及影响卵泡生长随后激活的因素的影响。这些调节途径必须确保人类原始卵泡内的卵母细胞储备可持续长达 50 年,但只有大约 0.1% 会排卵,其余的会发生退化。这篇综述概述了控制卵母细胞和卵泡形成以及随后在卵巢基质内生长直至排卵的过程的机制和调控途径,特别是人类卵母细胞/卵泡。此外,还强调了衰老通过卵母细胞数量和质量的变化对女性生殖能力的影响,并讨论了细胞机制和临床意义。最后,概述了支持卵泡生长各个阶段以在体外生成成熟卵母细胞的培养系统的当前发展细节,以及从干细胞制造新卵母细胞的新兴前景。
Mammalian eggs (oocytes) are formed during fetal life and establish associations with somatic cells to form primordial follicles that create a store of germ cells (the primordial pool). The size of this pool is influenced by key events during the formation of germ cells and by factors that influence the subsequent activation of follicle growth. These regulatory pathways must ensure that the reserve of oocytes within primordial follicles in humans lasts for up to 50 years, yet only approximately 0.1% will ever be ovulated with the rest undergoing degeneration. This review outlines the mechanisms and regulatory pathways that govern the processes of oocyte and follicle formation and later growth, within the ovarian stroma, through to ovulation with particular reference to human oocytes/follicles. In addition, the effects of aging on female reproductive capacity through changes in oocyte number and quality are emphasized, with both the cellular mechanisms and clinical implications discussed. Finally, the details of current developments in culture systems that support all stages of follicle growth to generate mature oocytes in vitro and emerging prospects for making new oocytes from stem cells are outlined.
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影响因子: --
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