Proline-Rich Homeodomain protein (PRH/HHEX) is a suppressor of breast tumour growth.

Proline-Rich Homeodomain protein (PRH/HHEX) is a suppressor of breast tumour growth.
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DOI:
10.1038/oncsis.2017.42
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发表时间:
2017-06-12
期刊:
影响因子:
6.2
通讯作者:
Jayaraman PS
Jayaraman PS
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kershaw RM;Roberts D;Wragg J;Shaaban AM;Humphreys E;Halsall J;Price L;Bicknell R;Gaston K;Jayaraman PS

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乳腺肿瘤从增生发展为导管原位癌(DCIS)和浸润性乳腺癌(IBC)。 PRH/HHEX(富含脯氨酸同源结构域/造血表达同源盒)是一种转录因子,在不同疾病背景下显示肿瘤抑制和致癌活性;然而,人们对 PRH 在乳腺癌中的作用知之甚少。在这里,我们发现与正常乳腺相比,DCIS 和 IBC 中 PRH 蛋白的核定位减少。我们之前的工作表明,蛋白激酶CK2对PRH的磷酸化可阻止PRH与DNA结合并调节编码生长因子和生长因子受体的多个基因的转录。在这里,我们发现与正常乳腺相比,DCIS 和 IBC 中转录失活的磷酸化 PRH 升高。为了确定乳腺癌细胞中 PRH 功能丧失的后果,我们在 MCF-7 细胞中产生了诱导性 PRH 耗竭。我们发现 PRH 消耗导致 MCF-7 细胞增殖增加,部分原因至少是由于血管内皮生长因子信号传导增加。此外,我们证明 PRH 耗竭会增加具有癌症干细胞样特性的乳腺癌细胞的形成。最后,与这些发现一致,我们表明 PRH 过度表达会抑制小鼠乳腺肿瘤的生长。总的来说,这些数据表明 PRH 在乳腺中发挥肿瘤抑制作用,并且为低 PRH mRNA 水平与乳腺癌不良预后相关的发现提供了解释。
Breast tumours progress from hyperplasia to ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast carcinoma (IBC). PRH/HHEX (proline-rich homeodomain/haematopoietically expressed homeobox) is a transcription factor that displays both tumour suppressor and oncogenic activity in different disease contexts; however, the role of PRH in breast cancer is poorly understood. Here we show that nuclear localization of the PRH protein is decreased in DCIS and IBC compared with normal breast. Our previous work has shown that PRH phosphorylation by protein kinase CK2 prevents PRH from binding to DNA and regulating the transcription of multiple genes encoding growth factors and growth factor receptors. Here we show that transcriptionally inactive phosphorylated PRH is elevated in DCIS and IBC compared with normal breast. To determine the consequences of PRH loss of function in breast cancer cells, we generated inducible PRH depletion in MCF-7 cells. We show that PRH depletion results in increased MCF-7 cell proliferation in part at least due to increased vascular endothelial growth factor signalling. Moreover, we demonstrate that PRH depletion increases the formation of breast cancer cells with cancer stem cell-like properties. Finally, and in keeping with these findings, we show that PRH overexpression inhibits the growth of mammary tumours in mice. Collectively, these data indicate that PRH plays a tumour suppressive role in the breast and they provide an explanation for the finding that low PRH mRNA levels are associated with a poor prognosis in breast cancer.
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